Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

This article presents a theory of procedural confidentiality, offering conceptual tools to understand and resolve disputes over confidentiality within legal proceedings. Such disputes arise when a litigant argues that unrestricted dissemination of information submitted in public judicial procedures poses a threat to a legitimate interest and requests restrictions on publicity. The legitimate interests impacted by procedural publicity (both external and internal) can be diverse – ranging from privacy and reputation to the loss of competitive advantage and professional secrets, among many others. These interests can be classified based on whether they concern risks of disclosing a secret, improper or unlawful use of the disclosed contents, or disruptions to the proper conduct of the proceedings. Each of these risks constitutes a confidentiality interest, which may be asserted as a defense (passive constellation) or as a claim (active constellation), either during the preparatory phase of information disclosure or during the evidentiary process. In each case, the court will resolve the dispute by balancing the interests of accurate fact-finding, publicity, and confidentiality, issuing an order to incorporate the information under protective conditions, with restrictions on public or party access. The appropriate measure depends on the specific risk and procedural context and may range from excluding the public from the courtroom to establishing confidentiality rings to regulate access to confidential documents.

The aim of this article is to analyze, from a comparative perspective, personal preventive measures and their regulation in the context of corruption associated with transnational organized crime. To achieve this, two closely related factors will be addressed: on the one hand, the political-criminal projection of these precautionary measures in the crime of corruption associated with transnational organized crime and, on the other hand, how and in what way different countries regulate their concurrence and application in this type of crime. In this way, together with a critical assessment of their foundations and criteria of correctness, it will be concluded that only through the establishment of homogeneous and uniform guidelines will it be possible to ensure that these preventive measures are effectively applied against this type of crime.

The model of conventionality created by the Inter-American Court can be used by other bodies dedicated to the protection of human rights, such as the National Human Rights Commission in Mexico, in addition to judges and courts. However, its participation through non-jurisdictional conventionality control continues to be questioned because of the improper powers of the judicial system. The objective of this article is to demonstrate through examples and cases that there is a tendency in the recommendations of the CNDH to carry out this control under the parameters established and outlined by the Inter-American Court. In particular, four different ways in which the control of conventionality is manifested are analyzed, and reasons are given in favor of continuing to expand this doctrine in a uniform manner, in order to strengthen the protection of human rights and to consolidate the articulation that exists between national and international law.  

Traditionally, strikes in Peru have followed similar trends to economic cycles and have been led by workers' organizations in sectors such as mining and manufacturing. However, since 2017, public sector unions have begun to lead the three classic strike indicators: frequency, man-hours lost, and number of strikers. This research takes nationwide mobilizations as a case study and explains these changes in trends using the theoretical framework of the political opportunity structure. In particular, it argues that this rise in conflict originated in public administration due to the reform in the regulation of collective bargaining (openness or access to participation). At the same time, in the private sector, the variations are related to the support of the heads of administrative offices (availability of influential allies). To demonstrate this thesis, this paper combines the dogmatic analysis of the institutional framework regulating the right to strike in Peru, along with the analysis of data recorded in the statistical yearbooks of the Ministry of Labor and Employment Promotion and 406 files of strike proceedings initiated before the General Directorate of Labor from 2017 to 2022.

The constitutional state is considered a model that presupposes higher argumentative demands in applying legal norms. In legal culture, studies on this matter are focused on justifying judicial decisions. The theoretical attention to the argumentative issues of administrative acts has been relatively less. This article aims to analyze the uses of motivation that seem established in administrative-legal practice concerning administrative acts. The methodology applied is theoretical analysis and critical evaluation of relatively shared argumentative practices. The text argues that conceptions of argumentation and the use of reasons in issuing an administrative act warrant more stringent standards of justification for a decision that impacts the rights and obligations of the governed.

This article aims to examine whether the so-called «right to lie» exists within the framework of the accusatory criminal procedures. Some defend this right as a necessary extension of the accused’s basic right not to self-incriminate; others, however, argue that the right to remain silent or not to actively cooperate with the prosecutor’s investigation does not imply the possibility of telling lies. Thus, once the accused decides to speak, they are bound to tell the truth, the whole truth and nothing but the truth. Based on a review of the discussion among some of the most relevant thinkers who have addressed the issue of lying (for example, Kant, Constant and Augustine of Hippo), this paper will defend a conciliatory or eclectic claim on the right to lie. We will argue that the debate often turns blurred because moral and epistemic levels are confused when formulating a concept of lying. At the moral level, the notion of lying refers to statements intended to mislead the interlocutor. At the epistemic level, lying consists of intentionally stating things that do not correspond to the actual truth. Therefore, lying is unacceptable from a definition of the moral norms involved; however, in its epistemic aspect, the acceptability of the accused’s lie relates to the exoneration from having to demonstrate the truth of what is being claimed.

Abstrac   The continuous reports on the alarming decrease in the levels of Lake Patzcuaro in Michoacán documented by local and national media have sought to account for the severe drought that has affected the lake area in the last two years following the pandemic. One of the main conflicts in the lake ecosystem of Patzcuaro is that many actors that benefit from the lake are involved, in that sense, the main points about the shortage point to avocado and berry producers for their irrational plundering (De la Tejera 2012). This paper aims to analyze the incentives of the community of Urandén de Morelos to achieve improvements in the rescue of Lake Patzcuaro in the face of the indifference of municipal and state authorities, with special emphasis on the conditions in which the community is developing the tasks of recovery of the lake and how these seem to be opposed to the incentives of municipal and state government institutions. Key words: water violence, communities, new institutionalism, rationality, common goods.

En este escrito reflexiono acerca del aporte de nosotras, las mujeres tseltales originarias del pueblo de Bachajón, Chiapas, México, en torno al caminar y a la búsqueda del reconocimiento parejo de nuestra existencia, trabajo y derecho como personas y pueblo ante las múltiples violencias, discriminaciones y desvalorizaciones que enfrentamos en distintos espacios y niveles de la sociedad, que se derivan de concepciones coloniales implantadas desde el siglo xvi en nuestros territorios. Lo anterior ha devenido en procesos de lucha y reivindicación que parten de lo cotidiano y de las concepciones de respeto mutuo presentes en nuestro bats’il k’op tseltal, nuestro idioma propio, de tal manera que éste se constituye en una vía para la construcción de una mejor existencia y relación entre hombres y mujeres en esta sociedad. 

En este trabajo se analiza la organización reciente de espacios etnopolíticos de jóvenes indígenas en el Gran Buenos Aires y la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires. En el primer apartado teórico se presenta la relación entre juventud y etnicidad; en el segundo se sistematizan datos demográficos sobre las mujeres y varones jóvenes indígenas de la región, y en el tercero se presentan dos casos de autogestión etnopolítica protagonizados en su mayoría por mujeres indígenas jóvenes. Desde un enfoque etnográfico, característico de la antropología social, se espera mostrar la forma en que las y los jóvenes indígenas enriquecen, disputan y transforman las demandas étnicas en el presente. 

Este artículo demuestra que la /l/ en el popoluca de la sierra es producto de préstamos léxicos del español y el náhuatl. Sin embargo, lo más interesante es ver que los préstamos del náhuatl evidencian un contacto lingüístico temprano entre nahuas y popolucas que permite entender el hecho de que el náhuatl haya servido como lengua intermediaria para la difusión de préstamos del español colonial con la consonante /l/ en el popoluca. Consecuentemente, este artículo, si bien fortalece la teoría de la difusión directa e indirecta de los préstamos léxicos propuesta por Edward Sapir (2006), también resalta la necesidad de incorporar la consonante /l/ en el alfabeto práctico popoluca, dada su importancia para comprender parte de la historia lingüística y cultural del popoluca.