Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

The paper analyzes transparency in arbitration awards and with it, the need for consistency and coherence of decisions through arbitration precedent based on a deep analysis of cases. A multilateral dispute settlement system is proposed: International Investment Court or Permanent Court of Appeal

The adoption of measures aimed at safeguarding the debtor’s assets and guaranteeing their proper management in insolvency scenarios has been a characteristic of all the systems that have been developed throughout history. The aim of this study is to analyse the techniques that, from Roman Law to the present day, have been used to separate the debtor from the administration and disposal of his assets. In this way, it delves into the historical roots of asset dispossession, outlining the profiles of this instrument in the different periods and its influence on the current regime.

The accused, as a passive party in criminal proceedings, is the holder of the right of defence recognised in Article 24 of the Spanish Constitution. This, in turn, encompasses other rights, including, for its importance, the right to remain silent and the right not to testify against oneself and not to confess guilty. These are therefore two different rights, the exercise of which by the defendant entails different conducts. Moreover, the first of them, since its enshrinement, has generated a doctrinal and jurisprudential debate that, over the years, continues unresolved. The question is whether the accused in criminal proceedings has the right to lie or, on the contrary, from his or her mendacious statement can lead to harmful consequences for him in the proceedings.

Purpose: It is common that firms listed at undesirably low prices perform reverse stock splits to increase prices while decreasing the number of shares outstanding. In addition to these impacts, it is important to understand whether this operation has any side effects on the liquidity, as this is a fundamental element for the proper functioning of the financial markets. Therefore, our main goal is to analyze the effect that reverse stock splits have on the liquidity of European stocks.Methodology: To analyze the effect on the liquidity of the 30 firms, members of the STOXX Europe 600 index, which performed the 35 reverse stock splits identified between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2019, we use the event study methodology and parametric and non-parametric tests. The analysis is done with a short-term (1 month) and a medium-term (6 months) event windows and to measure liquidity we use the turnover ratio and Liu’s (2006) LMx measure.Findings: In the short-term analysis, reverse stock splits contribute to increasing firms’ stock liquidity. In the medium-term analysis, it is not possible to draw a clear conclusion on the effects of reverse stock split on stock liquidity.Practical implications: The results have important implications for investors wishing to acquire shares in firms on the verge of executing this operation, as it clarifies the behavior of liquidity after the reverse stock split, which may influence their investment decision. They also contribute to helping the boards of directors of listed firms in the decision-making process.Originality/value: This work contributes to the financial literature on the relationship between reverse stock splits and liquidity, and to a better knowledge of European markets.Keywords: reverse stock splits, liquidity, Europe. DOI: https://doi.org/10.58869/EJABM001

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the M A (Mergers Acquisitions) process, especially the acquisition process for European companies. The main objective is to analyze the impact of acquisitions on the performance of acquiring companies and which are the most frequently used indicators and methodologies for this purpose.Methodology: In this study, a deep literature review was carried out in order to systematize the most common typologies and practices in the analysis of the theme under study.Results: The results have shown different conclusions and divergences when analyzing the performance of an F A process. These different results are sometimes related to the period under analysis, economic and financial crises, sample size, performance measures, or different environments.Originality: In recent years there has been economic and financial instability that may result in a greater number of restructuring processes, putting the topic on the agenda.Keywords: Restructuring; Mergers, Acquisitions; Performance Doi: https://doi.org/10.58869/EJABM002

Purpose: The present study (of exploratory nature) aims to understand the importance of endomarketing in organizations and whether internal strategies are essential in human capital management. The study context is the Minho Urban Quadrilateral (i.e. Braga, Barcelos, Guimarães and Vila Nova de Famalicão).Methodology: In a first phase, a documental analysis is exposed in order to delimit the object of study, and later, the general results are presented based on the interviews carried out to professionals and specialists of the Human Resources sector, being present a methodology of qualitative nature.Findings: Based on the literature review and the interviews conducted, it can be concluded that organizations consider that the implementation of endomarketing tools are very important and capable of generating mutual benefits between the employer and the worker.  In this sense, they assume that it is a strategic and reinforcing resource for building mutual relationships, and capable of fostering a harmonious organizational climate.Research implications: From a theoretical perspective, the study contributes to the development of knowledge in matters of endomarketing and the management of people (human capital).Originality: The study presents preliminary insights that can be an auxiliary tool for HR managers and professionals working in the four cities of the Quadrilateral (Braga, Barcelos, Guimarães and Vila Nova de Famalicão). In an interdisciplinary perspective, the study contributes to the joint development of the areas of endomarketing (e.g. understanding the vision of organizations) and also allows establishing future guidelines for these areas of action.Keywords: endomarketing, human capital, strategic management, organizations, Minho urban quadrilateral. DOI: https://doi.org/10.58869/EJABM005

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the contributions of knowledge management to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). A systematic literature review was carried out using the keywords “Knowledge Management” in the title and “Sustainable Development Goals” throughout the text on the B-On database.Design/methodology/approach: A literature review was conducted in this study. In total, 31 articles were analyzed, most from developing countries. Just 11 of them were focused on only one goal. This was done by resorting to the PRISMA protocol and adapting the GRADE protocol.Findings: The results show little investigation on knowledge management for sustainable development goals. However, there is an agreement among authors that knowledge management is essential for the present 2030 Agenda. It is necessary to invest in knowledge management in developing countries for them to make progress toward the SDGs.Research limitations/implications: Only one database was used, Knowledge Management was identified as a global construct, and the resort to the expression “Sustainable Development Goals” can have a narrowing effect on the results. Future research may focus on the knowledge management processes or surveying each Sustainable Development Goal.Practical implications: In this study, the contributions of knowledge management for poverty eradication, quality of health, drinkable water and sanitation, decent work and economic growth, industry, infrastructure and innovation, and action for climate change are clear, which can be a starting point for future research and to intervene in this field.Originality/value: As for originality, it is the first systematic literature review on knowledge management's contributions to achieving sustainable development goals within the United Nations 2030 Agenda framework. As for the value, which also stems from its originality, emphasis is placed on the possibility of making decisions based on evidence, in theoretical and practical terms, considering the results obtained.Keywords: Knowledge Management, Sustainability, Sustainable Development Goals, 2030 Agenda, Systematic literature review. DOI: https://doi.org/10.58869/EJABM004

Purpose: The objective of this study is to assess the perception of audit professionals on the importance of adopting Accounting and Financial Reporting Standard (NRCF) 4 - Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors and International Accounting Standard (IAS) 8 - Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors, essentially regarding the prevention of profit manipulation practices and the improvement of the quality of financial reporting.Methodology: A qualitative methodology was adopted by conducting structured interviews with four audit professionals.Results: The interviewees consider that the auditor plays an important role in the application of value judgments and validation of estimates, stating that their work is a deterrent to the practice of profit manipulation. They also consider that the auditor's ethics, professional skepticism, and degree of independence contribute to an improvement in the quality of financial reporting and a decrease in profit manipulation practices.Research limitations: The small sample size; and the limitations associated with conducting interviews were the main limitations encountered.Originality: This study is innovative in that it gathers the opinion of auditors and chartered accountants on a very relevant matter in the accounting field, given that standards increasingly call for the application of value judgments in defining accounting policies and estimates, as well as in changing them and detecting errors.Keywords: NCRF 4; IAS 8; Auditor; Accounting Policies; Estimates. https://doi.org/10.58869/EJABM008/SI03

Purpose: The objective of this study is to critically analyze how disclosure related to sustainability is characterized in the Theory of Communicative Action, based on the understanding of the term by the institutions.Methodology: The proposed methodology consists of a theoretical essay that discusses, based on Habermas' TAC communication conceptions, how the term sustainability or sustainable development is conceptualized and operationalized by business institutions. Seeking to discuss critically the purpose of this information and the impacts they cause on stakeholders.Findings: In Habermas' conception, companies disclose sustainability information through a dramaturgical act where they seek to build an external image, or a self-representation, without necessarily being a behavior. The actions chosen are win-win, focusing on aspects financial strategies based on strategies that maximize results.Research limitations: In order for such conceptions to be maintained, it is necessary to evaluate the sustainability reports, using discourse analysis mechanisms to corroborate the discussions and elucidate new information.Originality: This study aims to understand the concept of sustainability assumed by management reports, seeking to critically discuss how this concept is operationalized and institutionalized within these organizations and what is the profile of this communication with stakeholders.Keywords: Accounting Discloure; Sustainability; Sustainable Development; Theory of Communicative Action. https://doi.org/10.58869/EJABM008/SI04

Purpose: There is a growing interest in the role of flexibility in manufacturing companies, especially in its relevance to managing business uncertainties. Several studies have been conducted on manufacturing flexibility, but no study has examined a possible support practice among the practices of manufacturing flexibility. This study explores that literature gap in a Sub-Saharan business environment.Design/methodology/approach: This study adopts a cross-sectional survey approach and criterion sampling method to select and administer its research instrument to respondents of the study. The sample size was 416, and the hypotheses were tested via the structural equation model.Findings: Study revealed that mix flexibility had a direct impact on supply uncertainty; production flexibility had a direct impact on supply uncertainty; and product flexibility had direct and indirect impact supply uncertainties. Volume flexibility is the only flexibility dimension with no impact on supply uncertainty, both directly and indirectly. In addition, product flexibility is the only practice with indirect impact on supply uncertainty. Practical implications: Managers can adopt manufacturing flexibility to combat supply uncertainty. Funding production and product flexibility will enhance capacities in managing supply uncertainties. Managers should establishing product flexibilities prior to other forms of flexibilities. Practitioners considering implementing one dimension can employ production flexibility to limit supply uncertainty, because it has the most impact on supply uncertainty individually.Originality/value: This study contributes to literature by uniquely examining manufacturing flexibility impact on supply uncertainty exclusively. It is also the first empirical investigation into supporting practices among manufacturing flexibility practices in any business environment.Keywords: Manufacturing, Flexibility, Uncertainty, Production. DOI: https://doi.org/10.58869/EJABM007