Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Introduction: The organization of the health system is essential to face the various disaster situations. Objective. To develop a group of actions to reduce organizational vulnerabilities to disasters in health institutions. Methods: Classified as development research, in health systems and services; it was mixed in methods and techniques. It compiles a group of scientific works, developed in the province of Cienfuegos, between 2001-2020. They complied with the principles of medical and research ethics. Results: Two initial studies (2001-2006) founded organizational and academic insufficiencies to face disasters; sixth organizational actions (mainly the color code as triage system, reordering of areas and flows, and disaster plans by function cards) were integrated as a new organizational technology that redesigned the response to sudden disasters. Between 2009-2012, the “safe hospital” technology was transferred; as results, the institutional security index was improved, the evacuation system was redesigned, new possible internal disasters were identified and vulnerabilities in hospital engineering systems were reduced. 15 vulnerabilities are also eliminated in a new specialized outpatient center since the construction stage. Between 2009-2020, were made recommendations on bases of scientific researches about the hospital organization and isolation centers, for epidemics of H1N1 and COVID-19. 27 scientific publications (including four books) show the quality and scope of significance of these results. Conclusions. New organizational elements, the definition of the methodological bases, and academic activities; they improved the institutional response, improved the disaster reduction plan, facilitated managerial work, and reduced disaster risk in health institutions.

Intoduction: The objective was the design and application through training, of an innovation technology for human and knowledge management processes integrated into Human Capital Management (HCM). Methods: The methods used were documentary analysis, action research and the experimental alluded to the scope of technology applied to directors of Cuban companies. The independent variable was the technology conceived and published in the book Human Capital Management, and the dependent variable was the work of the directors of Cuban companies that applied the technology in the Diploma and the Specialty in Business Administration and Management (DGE) of the Higher School of State and Government Cadres (ESCEG). Results: Contribute to systematize the optimization of human capital in the company, considering tangible and intangible indicators, including the complete management cycle, from strategic planning to control. As some conclusions, the technology of optimization of human capital and innovation of processes endorsed in practice was endorsed, it was novel and the process of training-action exercised on the directors of companies, is of strategic importance for the Cuban business development, and prepares them for the consolidation of that vital competence that is innovation.

Introduction: Controlling the global COVID-19 pandemic depends, among other measures, on developing preventive vaccines against SARS-CoV-2. Virus infection is mediated by the interaction of the spike glycoprotein trimer, via its receptor binding domain (RBD), with the host’s cellular receptor. Vaccines in use or under development seek to elicit neutralizing antibodies to block virus binding to ACE2 receptor. Antibody response to this domain is an important outcome of immunization and correlates well with viral neutralization. Methods: The development and preclinical evaluation of SOBERANA®02 was carried out in four fundamental stages: immunogen design; obtaining the RBD viral antigen by recombinant technique; obtaining and characterizing RBDn-TT conjugates, and evaluation of conjugates immunogenicity in laboratory animals. Results and discussion: Here we show that macromolecular constructs with recombinant RBD conjugated to tetanus toxoid (TT) induce a potent immune response in laboratory animals. Some advantages of immunization with RBD-TT conjugates include a predominant anti-RBD IgG immune response due to affinity maturation and long-term specific B-memory cells. Conclusions, this result demonstrated the potential of this COVID-19 conjugate vaccine candidate and enabled its advance to clinical evaluation, paving the way for other antiviral conjugate vaccines.

Introduction: The new Cuban scenario is the result of the challenge of building a prosperous and sustainable socialism, it implies forming personal and group attitudes committed to the transformative requirements of society, where social communication plays a transcendental role due to its educational and relational capacity. as an expression of socialization patterns and other essential processes for social analysis. Objective: to demonstrate that communication, from its participatory approach, can contribute to the collective construction of knowledge, the development of processes and the articulation of actors from the strengthening of links between different actors and the creation of synergies. Methods: Based on the Community Self-Development Methodology, fostered and enriched for decades by the Center for Community Studies (CEC) of the Central University “Marta Abreu” of Las Villas, this research assumed, from the theory, the analysis of the practices daily activities of the Cuban communication system, based on its real potentialities and the gaps generated by a historically top-down model. Results and discussion: It was possible to develop the conceptual and methodological elements of common utility for doctoral students and researchers on the subject at the CEC, with practical applications in the media system and the communicational field. Conclusions: there is a trend towards the thematic versus the dynamic in the production processes, as well as the little use in the institutional framework of communication strategies based on participation from the interaction and learning between the different actors.

Introduction: Lung injury and STAT1 deficit can induce EGFR overexpression in SARS-CoV2 infected cells.Methods: Considering the role of EGFR in inflammation and fibrosis, a Phase I/II trial was done to evaluate the safety and preliminary effect of nimotuzumab, a humanized anti-EGFR antibody, in severe and high-risk moderate patients with COVID-19. Patients were able to receive other drugs included in the national protocol. Treatment consisted on nimotuzumab intravenous infusions, administered every 72 hours. Before launching the study, EGFR expression was confirmed by immunohistochemistry in 20 lung samples from COVID-19 deceased subjects.Results: They were included forty-one patients (31 severe/10 moderate) in the trial. The median age was 62 years and the main comorbidities were hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular disease and obesity. Seven patients received one dose of nimotuzumab, 29 received 2 infusions while 5 subjects required 3 doses. The antibody was very safe. There were only 4 related adverse events in 2 subjects. Eight patients required invasive mechanical ventilation. The 14-day recovery rate was 82,9%. 90% in moderate patients and 80,64 % in severe patients. Inflammatory markers decreased overtime and interleukin-6 concentration diminished from 46,5 pg/ml to 14,51 pg/ml at day 7. None of the evaluated patients showed signs of fibrosis in the follow-up evaluation. After the use of nimotuzumab in 1,536 patients in the real-world scenario, a high recovery rate was achieved in severe and moderate patients (89,4% and 79.4%, respectively), which compares very favorably with the phase I/II trial data. Conclusions: our results suggest that nimotuzumab is a safe antibody that can reduce inflammation and avoid fibrosis in severe and moderate COVID-19 patients at high risk of aggravation.

Introduction: Studies to determine usefulness of QRS duration and its dispersion in patients undergoing permanent cardiac pacing from different sites are scarce. A objective was to demonstrate the relationship between mechanical synchrony of the heart evaluated by echocardiography with QRS dispersion in patients with cardiac pacing stimulated from different cardiac sites.Methods: Three groups were studied. First group: 82 patients submitted to right ventricular apical pacing; second group, 27 patients with systolic dysfunction secondary to right ventricular apical pacing taken to high septal pacing. Third group: 19 patients undergoing cardiac resynchronization therapy. Electrocardiographic and echocardiographic variables were studied to determine if there is electromechanical synchrony relationship.Results: First group: QRS duration and its dispersion showed significant increases correlation when decreases left ventricular ejection fraction at follow-up. Second group: Ejection fraction increased from 31% ± 3,1% to 45% ± 12% (p = 0,0041) with septal pacing; this showed a better degree of mechanical synchrony when it was evaluated by echocardiography, with significant and inverse correlation between QRS dispersion and ejection fraction. Third group: Linear correlation between ejection fraction and QRS dispersion at six months of follow-up was significant (r = 0,34 and p = 0,02); women showed greater QRS dispersion (48,0 ± 24,0 vs. 37,14 ± 13,8) ms; p = 0,04 and better response to resynchronization.Conclusions: Right ventricular apical pacing is related to cardiac contractile deterioration; increased QRS dispersion could be an electrocardiographic variable to predict a decreased left ventricular ejection fraction. Patients underwent septal stimulation improved electromechanical synchrony; decreased QRS dispersion could predict this improvement. Finally, decreased QRS dispersion may predict a good response to resynchronization therapy.

Introduction: The Chair of the Elderly of the University of Havana is the pioneer institution of the education program for the elderly. In this sense, it is pertinent to systematize its results from different dimensions: scientific, theoretical-categorial, methodological, institutional, extensionist and of broad social spectrum. This research aims to characterize the theoretical, methodological and practical impacts of the CUAM educational program. To this end, we analyzed eleven investigations carried out by the research group of the University Chair of the Elderly of the Faculty of Psychology of the University of Havana.Methods: It was used qualitative methodology as a starting point for research. We applied methods and techniques of documentary research, specifically the documentary analysis of publications that reflect impacts and results of the Chair of the Elderly program, from 2000 to 2020.Results: The educational program promotes at the theoretical level the conformation of a theoretical-conceptual body that is anchored with the principles of the Lifelong Learning paradigm and permanent education. The interconnection with the paradigm of active, participatory and healthy aging is evident. The methodological dimension reveals a sustained improvement of the program and didactic contributions for its implementation. Finally, the University Chair of the Elderly promotes the consolidation of self-esteem, the strengthening of autonomy and empowerment, and the acquisition of skills for self-management and participation.

(letter to the editor)

La industria cultural asumió mayor relevancia como sistema productivo y amplió su cuota de mercado con distintas formas de recepción, transmisión y comunicación con el público, con un creciente uso de los llamados algoritmos de clasificación, recomendación y manipulación de datos procesados en masa, que no requieren sistemas ciber-físicos para la catalogación ni una retroalimentación constante de todas las partes involucradas. En este sentido, este trabajo propone una metodología para apoyar la clasificación y creación de grupos correspondientes de forma automática de obras y producciones culturales de determinados segmentos mediante técnicas de Robot Process Automation (RPA) para extraer, primeramente, datos públicos creados por fans de determinados segmentos culturales, y Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA), para la agrupación de estos trabajos a partir de los datos de los términos extraídos por RPA. Como caso de estudio para se observó específicamente el mercado de animes, definido como un producto cultural originariamente japonés con un fuerte compromiso y apoyo de los fans y alta escala de producción anual, sustentado en datos obtenidos de dos bases de datos de carácter público construidos en colaboración por fans: MyAnimeList y AniDB. La aplicación de la metodología propuesta permitió la clasificación automática de animes, agrupándolos en temas que permiten proponer una nueva demografía de obras de este género diferente de la actual, proporcionando un mayor nivel de detalle y permitiendo contemplar la expansión de temas nuevos.

This article studies political communication in different platforms, applying data science methods to analyze similarities and differences among Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter posts of 50 Argentinian politicians in 2020. This is a pioneering cross-platform study for our region, and its objectives are heuristic and methodological. Regarding the former, we show that strategies differ among platforms: Twitter is the battlefield for controversy and interpellations among politicians, and toxicity is rewarded, while on Facebook and Instagram politicians expand on the topics in which they seem to consider themselves stronger. The closs-platform study shows that even in a polarized context such as the Argentinean one, there are common and non-controversial topics. Methodologically, we use novel analytical methods and implemented a recent topic-detection algorithm, we apply sentiment analysis techniques to understand if texts have positive or negative intentions, and deep neural networks to detect toxicity in a text, among others. Readers are offered access to the toolbox developed during the research, which can be useful for working large text corpora.