Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Introduction: Oroantral communication (OAC) is a frequent complication after posterosuperior tooth extraction, associated with the proximity between the dental roots and the maxillary sinus. Its therapeutic management depends on the size of the defect, the presence of infection and the conditions of the patient. Objective: To analyze and critically organize the available evidence published in the last five years on the therapeutic options for the treatment of COA, secondary to extraction, to propose an indicative clinical protocol. Methodology: A narrative review was conducted by electronic search in PubMed, SciELO, Cochrane Library, ProQuest Research Library and Google Scholar. MeSH terms and keywords combined with Boolean operators were used. Studies published between January 2019 and July 2024 in English, Spanish, French, and Portuguese were included. Defined inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied. Results: Thirty articles were included in this review, addressing different therapeutic approaches for the management of oroantral communication (OAC). The evidence reviewed shows that defects <3 mm without infection can heal spontaneously. Defects 3-5 mm benefit from primary suturing. Defects larger than 5 mm require surgical approaches, including mucosal flaps, Bichat flaps, PRF and combined techniques in complex cases. A lack of consensus was identified regarding the choice of treatment according to defect size. Conclusions: Treatment of COA should be personalized according to the clinical context. A preliminary clinical protocol is proposed as a tool to guide decision making, emphasizing the need for future comparative research and the creation of standardized clinical guidelines. General Area of Study: Health. Specific area of study: Oral surgery. Type of study: Literature review.

Introduction: Tooth extraction is one of the most frequently performed procedures in clinical dentistry. However, it often leads to progressive alveolar ridge resorption, which can compromise future restorative and prosthetic treatments. Objective: This systematic review aimed to examine the role of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) in post-extraction alveolar ridge preservation, evaluating its effectiveness in enhancing bone tissue regeneration based on radiographic assessments, and comparing its outcomes to those observed with physiological bone healing. Methodology: The review followed PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using electronic databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect. Additionally, gray literature was sourced from the New York Academy of Medicine Grey Literature Report. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included, and the risk of bias was evaluated using the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions version 6.2 (RevMan 6.2). Results: Seventeen RCTs published up to 2022 met the eligibility criteria, each investigating PRF’s efficacy in bone regeneration following tooth extraction. Conclusion: Although not all results demonstrated statistical significance, the clinical evidence suggests that PRF supports bone neoformation and reduces alveolar bone loss during the healing period, particularly within the first three to four months post-extraction. General field of study: Health Specific field of study: Dentistry Type of study: Systematic review.

Introduction: The extraction of mandibular third molars is a common intervention that can cause complications such as damage to adjacent teeth, swelling, bleeding, infection, and nerve damage, with significant injury to the inferior alveolar nerve (NAI). Low-level laser therapy is presented as a promising option for the regeneration of damaged nervous tissue. Methodology: A narrative review was conducted with a comprehensive search of databases such as Science Direct, PubMed, and Google Scholar using validated DeCS descriptors between 2019 and 2024. Inclusion criteria included publications in Portuguese, English, and Spanish, while studies on other surgical procedures were excluded. Results: 13 representative articles were identified. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) was shown to be effective in regenerating nerve tissue and relieving pain, with significant improvements in healing and neurosensory recovery. Discussion: The literature agrees that LLLT is effective in treating postoperative paresthesia, although protocols need to be standardized. Some studies suggest combining LLLT with vitamin B12 as an added benefit. Conclusions: LLLT has enormous potential to treat paresthesia after extraction of third molars. However, the lack of standardization in protocols limits their clinical implementation, recommending more studies in this area. General area of study: Dentistry. Specific area of study: Oral Surgery. Type of article: narrative bibliographic review.

Introduction. In the dental field in endodontics, the presence of microorganisms, especially Candida albicans in periapical lesions, limits the success of treatment, although irrigants such as sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) and calcium hydroxide are used as intraradicular medication, they are not always effective, thus the need to develop studies that involve other less invasive options than conventional antifungal agents. Objective. To determine the efficacy of Eucalyptus globulus essential oil against Candida albicans (ATCC 60193). Methodology. This was a longitudinal laboratory study in which the Candida albicans ATCC 60193 strain was inoculated and analyzed in triplicate, working with several exposure subgroups: proportions of essential oil of Eucalyptus globulus (50%, 75%, 100%) and for the control group injectable fluconazole 2 mg/mL (positive control) and purified water (negative control) were used, at an incubation period of 25º C, at 72 hours, the results were observed by visual inspection, the size of the areas where the growth of Candida albicans was stopped was measured in millimeters. Results. The 75% solution showed the greatest inhibition halo, but with a great variability in the data, in contrast to 100% which has a lower inhibitory effect than 75% but with less variability and a statistically significant difference, the 50% solution has the lowest inhibitory effect. Conclusion. This study highlights the variability in the antifungal effect of Eucalyptus globulus essential oil in arresting the growth of Candida albicans, these findings underline the importance of further research. General field of study: Health sciences. Specific field of study: Dentistry. Type of study: Original article.

Introduction: In the oral cavity Candida albicans is a yeast that is commonly present in most humans, it generally does not cause harm, but it is considered an opportunistic microorganism, it can colonize in an exaggerated way in some subjects causing what is known as oral candidiasis, which would be synonymous with an infection by this pathogen. Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate the antifungal effectiveness of various antifungals on strains of C. albicans ATCC 90028 inoculated into root canals of teeth extracted for distinct reasons, to provide evidence to improve endodontic therapeutics. The infected ducts were exposed to different antifungals: nystatin, fluconazole, and miconazole. Methodology: The direct observation method was used to evaluate efficacy. Results: The results showed that all the antifungals evaluated showed antifungal activity and showed efficacy when combined with triple antibiotic paste, but with differences in their effectiveness. Conclusions: The conclusions place miconazole as the most effective, but the percentages of effectiveness of the other antifungals are also favorable and may be key to increasing disinfection in root canals infected by C. albicans. General area of study: Dentistry. Specific area of study: Endodontics. Type of study: Original articles.

Introduction: The research was conducted through a bibliographic analysis about the application of early mobilization as a physiotherapeutic method in post cerebrovascular accident (CVA) patients. This clinical condition is described as a syndrome characterized by the rapid development of signs of neurological involvement lasting more than 24 hours. Objective: To describe the effects of rehabilitation through early mobilization in post-stroke patients to prevent musculoskeletal deterioration and favor the patient's physical recovery. Methodology: The methodology is retrospective, since a search and compilation of information was conducted by reviewing files, documents, and relevant publications. To improve this search, advanced research tools were used, such as academic databases. The study started with a population of 120 articles, and after its analysis, a sample of 25 articles was obtained, covering rehabilitation through early mobilization. Results: 36% of the studies reported significant improvements in functional capacity by increasing cerebral blood flow after early mobility even before 24 hours of stroke onset, while 12% showed that the combination with early occupational therapy, virtual reality or robot program is also beneficial in terms of mobility and functional capacity. Conclusions: The integration of Early Mobilization with occupational therapy, virtual reality or with a robot program indicating superior results compared to the application of these therapies by individual. General area of study: Physiotherapy. Specific area of study: Stroke. Type of study: Bibliographic review.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate current techniques in minimally invasive dentistry and compare their effectiveness and advantages with conventional methods. Methods: A search was conducted in PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar databases, including studies that assess new carious tissue removal techniques within minimally invasive dentistry. After the search, 28 studies were selected. Results: The research shows that selective carious tissue removal is safe and has success rates comparable to conventional techniques. Conclusion: Minimally invasive techniques, such as selective carious tissue removal, are a safe strategy that allows for the conservation of most of the dental tissue, offering multiple advantages over conventional techniques. General Area of Study: Dentistry. Specific area of study: Operative dentistry. Type of study: narrative bibliographic review.

Introducción. La cirugía ortognática es un procedimiento quirúrgico utilizado para la corrección de deformaciones y asimetrías del complejo maxilo-mandibular, especialmente en aquellas en las que existen alteraciones oclusales. El cirujano y ortodoncista intervienen para obtener así estabilidad oclusal, armonía facial, corregir discrepancias óseas y mejorar funciones básicas como, masticación, fonación y respiración. La maloclusión esqueletal más común en la que se suele realizar una cirugía ortognática es la Clase III, esta a su vez se distingue por 1) prognatismo mandibular, 2) retrognatismo maxilar o 3) una combinación de ambas características. La planificación convencional de tratamiento consta de tres fases: ortodoncia prequirúrgica, cirugía ortognática y ortodoncia postquirúrgica. la técnica Surgery First, pues cuando es realizada en pacientes indicados, ofrece ventajas como un tiempo de tratamiento más corto, menor costo, mejora del perfil facial al corregir bases esqueléticas, la descompensación de ortodoncia es efectiva por el fenómeno de aceleración regional y recuperación rápida del paciente. Objetivo.  el objetivo de esta investigación es demostrar mediante revisión bibliográfica la efectividad de la técnica Surgery First previo al tratamiento de ortodoncia en pacientes con maloclusión clase III comparando la efectividad en la reducción del tiempo de tratamiento de la técnica en relación con la técnica quirúrgica ortognática convencional. Metodología.  el presente trabajo de investigación es una revisión bibliográfica y documental, de nivel descriptivo, acerca del uso de la técnica de cirugía ortognática denominada Surgery First previo al tratamiento de ortodoncia en pacientes con maloclusión esqueletal Clase III. Se desarrolló bajo las indicaciones PRISMA (Prerrefered Reporting Items for Systemic Reviews and Meta-Analysis). Resultados. La técnica de cirugía primero acorta el tiempo de tratamiento y produce cambios estéticos al instante. A diferencia de la técnica ortognática convencional, que comprende 3 fases, una pre-ortodoncia de aproximadamente 12-18 meses, la cirugía propiamente dicha y una fase de ortodoncia postquirúrgica con un tiempo estimado de 5 a 12 meses. Con Surgery First el movimiento dental se acelera gracias a la cirugía previa por lo que toma 10 meses de ortodoncia postopeeratoria y el tiempo total del tratamiento disminuye. Conclusión. En este trabajo se ha analizado la efectividad de Surgery First en la disminución del tiempo total de tratamiento en comparación con la técnica convencional. Se pudo concluir que el protocolo empleado en SF es efectivo y requiere menor tiempo, se estima un promedio de diez a doce meses menos que la técnica convencional. Por lo tanto, el tiempo de tratamiento para SF podría ser de aproximadamente quince meses, mientras que el protocolo convencional tiene un tiempo estimado de dos años. Área de estudio general: Odontología. Área de estudio específica: Cirugía oral, cirugía maxilofacial, ortodoncia. Tipo de estudio:  Artículos originales.

Introducción: Los tratamientos endodónticos buscan conservar dientes severamente comprometidos, devolviendo su función y salud al sistema estomatognático. Sin embargo, su ejecución exige precisión técnica y un conocimiento profundo de la anatomía dental, lo que representa un desafío constante durante la formación odontológica. Objetivo: Recopilar información científica actual acerca de la frecuencia de complicaciones endodónticas en la práctica clínica de estudiantes de pregrado Metodología: Investigación de tipo bibliográfico y descriptivo, para la búsqueda de artículos se utilizaron diversas bases de datos, utilizando términos DECS/MESH en inglés y español, además de operadores booleanos. Incluyendo estudios publicados desde el año 2014 hasta el año 2024, en idioma inglés, español y portugués. Una vez identificados los estudios, se realizó una lectura transversal y critica de la literatura seleccionada, descartando los registros duplicados y los que no permitían acceso libre. Resultados: Las complicaciones endodónticas no solo afectan el éxito del tratamiento, sino que también pueden generar repercusiones duraderas en la salud del paciente. La mala instrumentación, el relleno insuficiente o excesivo de los conductos radiculares y las infecciones residuales pueden llevar a fracasos del tratamiento y, en algunos casos, a la necesidad de retratamientos quirúrgicos. Teniendo en cuenta que la calidad del tratamiento endodóntico efectuado por estudiantes de pregrado de odontología varía significativamente, destacándose la importancia de mejorar sus habilidades técnicas y comprensión anatómica. Conclusiones: El tratamiento endodóntico exitoso requiere una obturación precisa y el manejo adecuado de las complicaciones, que incluyen errores iatrogénicos y deficiencias en la instrumentación. La correcta evaluación y manejo de estas complicaciones son cruciales para asegurar la longevidad de los dientes tratados y minimizar riesgos a largo plazo. Área de estudio general: odontología. Área de estudio específica: endodoncia. Tipo de estudio:  revisión bibliográfica narrativa.

Introducción. La toxocariasis es una zoonosis causada por larvas de Toxocara canis y Toxocara cati , con mayor prevalencia en zonas rurales donde la interacción humano-animal es frecuente. Los niños constituyen un grupo vulnerable debido a su contacto habitual con mascotas. Objetivo. Determinar la seroprevalencia de anticuerpos contra Toxocara spp. mediante ELISA en población infantil de una escuela en Chimborazo y su asociación con la presencia del parásito en mascotas domésticas. Metodología. Estudio transversal con 200 estudiantes, seleccionando una muestra de 157 niños. Se realizaron pruebas serológicas a 70 participantes con contacto frecuente con mascotas. Se recolectaron muestras fecales de perros, gatos y niños para análisis coproparasitológico mediante técnicas estandarizadas. Resultados. El 50% de los perros y el 50% de los gatos presentaron infección por Toxocara spp. Mediante ELISA se detectan anticuerpos anti- T. canis en 15 niños (21%) y anti- T. cati en 5 niños (7%), representando una seroprevalencia del 28%. Se encontró asociación significativa entre seropositividad infantil y mascotas infectadas (p<0.05). Conclusión. Se transmisión evidencia zoonótica de Toxocara spp. entre niños y mascotas, con seroprevalencia del 28%. Estos hallazgos subrayan la necesidad de implementar programas educativos sobre tenencia responsable de mascotas, higiene preventiva y desparasitación periódica, especialmente en entornos escolares rurales. Área de estudio general: Laboratorio Área de estudio específica: Parasitología Tipo de estudio: Artículos originales.