Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Introduction. Urinary incontinence (UI) is a social problem that is faced in a higher percentage of women with an affectation ratio of 1:4 suffering from UI. A UI is the involuntary loss of urine, affecting the productivity and quality of life of those who suffer from it, accompanied by depression, anxiety, and an increase in lower urinary tract infections. It is estimated that between 25% and 45% of the factors in women are due to aging, pregnancy, and vaginal births; The types of urinary incontinence are: stress urinary incontinence (SUI), urgency urinary incontinence (UUI) and mixed urinary incontinence (MUI). Work to strengthen the pelvic floor muscles (PFM) has become a first-line conservative treatment for rehabilitation against this pathology. Aim. Explain the generalities of Urinary Incontinence, and the influence of strengthening the pelvic floor muscles and how it intervenes in the quality of life of women. Methodology. A narrative review of the literature was carried out, in the first instance a search was carried out in the databases; PubMed (69), Embase (407), Pedro (25) and Trip (0), finding a total of 501 articles, of which a first selection was made by title with the keywords “exercise and training and incontinence and quality of life”, 10 articles were respectively selected to carry out this study. Results and Conclusion: Strengthening the pelvic floor muscles is necessary to reduce episodes of urinary incontinence. Group-directed programs generate better benefits and results compared to individual work, due to the joint support between groups of women, improving quality of life. In a total of 2,449 women who underwent surgery in the studies reviewed, strengthening the pelvic floor, both in groups and individually, obtained results at 6 and 12 weeks, the intervention was conducted between 2 to 3 times a week with a duration of 40 to 50 minutes per session. General area of study: Physiotherapy. Specific study area: Pelvic floor. Type of study: Original articles.

Introduction: Female sexual dysfunction is one of the gynecological consultations with the highest demand, being dyspareunia one of the disorders that afflict the female population in 26%. Pelvic floor muscle training exercises are a treatment to mitigate the adverse effects on sexual function. Some of the sexual health programs in physiotherapy are multimodal, integrating exercises with sexual education. Objective: To analyze physiotherapeutic programs aimed at pelvic floor muscle strengthening through literature reviews to mitigate female sexual dysfunction. Methodology: It is of bibliographic type with documentary design, inductive method, with data collected since 2017 from the following databases: PubMed, ProQuest, ScienceDirect, EBSCO, Semantic Scholar, SPRINGER LINK and Em Saúde. We were able to identify, filter and pre-analyze randomized clinical trials with the help of Boolean operators (AND, OR and NOT), along with inclusion, exclusion criteria and the Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale. Results: It started with a population of 112 articles, after analyzing a sample of 27 articles was obtained, covering pelvic floor strengthening programs in female sexual dysfunction, starting by raising awareness of pelvic muscle contraction, along with instruments, sex education, partner support and self-directed work, being effective in dyspareunia and sexual dysfunction disorders.  Conclusions: It was demonstrated the effectiveness of multimodal programs in training the hypotonic pelvic floor musculature, increasing sexual desire, lubrication, orgasm, sexual satisfaction, and pain reduction in women with sexual dysfunction. General Area of Study: Physical therapy. Specific area of study: Pelvic floor. Type of study: Bibliography Review.

Introduction. Urinary tract infection (UTI) is defined as the existence of germs capable of producing functional and morphological alterations in the bladder, collecting systems or kidneys. It is associated with the female sex due to the anatomy of the genitourinary tract, voiding habits, and physiological situations such as pregnancy. Objective. To characterize urinary tract infections by Enterobacteriaceae in pregnant women and susceptibility profile in a private clinic in Cuenca Ecuador 2022 - 2023. Methodology. The present study is of a positivist type with a quantitative, empirical, field research, descriptive cross-sectional documentary secondary approach. Results. The records of positive urine cultures for Enterobacteriaceae were collected from pregnant women who attended a private laboratory in the city of Cuenca between January 2022 - December 2023. For the statistical analysis, a database was generated in the SPSS program, using descriptive statistics and frequency analysis. Results The bacterial species with the highest incidence was Escherichia coli (%). The production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases BLEE as a mechanism of resistance predominated in Escherichia coli (%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (%). Conclusion. Escherichia coli was the most frequent enterobacterium causing urinary tract infections. General area of study: health. Specific area of study: Microbiology. Type of item: original.

Introduction. Patient safety refers to the minimization of the risk of unnecessary harm to an acceptable minimum, considering aspects such as current knowledge, context, and resource availability. Lack of safety leads to the occurrence of adverse events, which represent one of the top 10 causes of disability and death worldwide. Objective. Identify the factors associated with adverse events that affect patient safety in emergency units. Methodology. The study is characterized as a literature review with a descriptive scope, a basic purpose, and an analytical method. Original articles from databases such as PubMed, SciELO, and the Regional Portal of the Virtual Health Library were considered. Results. Four factors associated with adverse events affecting patient safety were identified: Healthcare personnel factors (errors in medical, nursing, and clinical documentation management, deficiencies in professional skills, prescription errors, teamwork deficiencies, attitude problems, among others), Institutional factors (waiting time, unclear policies or guidelines, inadequate care protocols, working conditions, deficiencies in patient flow, and limitations in the physical environment and equipment, among others), Patient-related factors (lack of health insurance, patient-dependent issues such as violence, aggression, lack of knowledge and adherence to treatment, and adverse drug reactions), Psychosocial and workplace environment factors (fatigue, work-related stress, emotional exhaustion, work overload, and poor communication). Conclusion. Patient safety in emergency units depends on multiple interrelated factors. General Area of Study: Health. Specific area of study: Patient Safety in Emergency Units. Type of study: Bibliography Review.

Introduction: Technological advancement allows harmonious development during morbidity processes; However, it gradually distances the nurse-patient relationship, causing conditions of negativity during care, subtracting from the human condition; element that favors the patient's well-being. Objective: To determine, through a systematic review, the importance of the nursing service offer, under humanized treatment, for the benefit of patients treated in the intensive care unit, considering its implications with technological evolution. Methods: It is an integrative systematic review; 100 articles were analyzed in scientific search engines based on Boolean descriptors and operators. As inclusion criteria, articles from 2020 to 2024 in English, Portuguese and Spanish that have been published in indexed journals were accepted. Results: The humanistic nursing treatment should be emphasized, considering not only the biological aspect of the critical patient, but also the psychosocial and spiritual aspect. The technological environment must avoid hindering holistic care; however, the complement it by promoting health restoration, avoiding ailments, and improving the patient’s quality of life. Conclusions: When nurses prioritize the mastery of digital devices over direct contact with the patient, the technological environment has a negative impact on the humanization of care. Therefore, humanization and technology must be balanced. General Area of Study: Medicine. Specific area of study: Nursing. Type of study: Original articles

Introduction. Composite resins are in high demand within the dental field, specifically in the restorative area due to their excellent quality aesthetic results. Among the most recognized brands in the market, we can find: DENTSPLY, VITTRA, OPALLIS, COLTENE, VIVADENT, 3M – ESPE, BISCO, among others. Several studies have shown that composite resins experience color changes when exposed to staining solutions, such as those present in soft drinks or energy drinks. Objective. To analyze the available literature that answers the following question: What are the most common extrinsic and intrinsic factors that cause pigmentation of composite resins? Methodology. This study was conducted as a bibliographic review. Searches were performed in indexed databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Scielo and Google Academic, using relevant keywords and Boolean operators. Results. A total of 20 studies were reviewed. The articles found were selected by title, then by abstract, and finally the text was read. This study shows that in the publications analyzed, the most used material was composite resins of the brands Vittra APS, Opallis and 3M, among these we have Vittra APS, Vittra APS Unique, Opallis Flow, Opallis Bulk Fill Flow, ESPE Filtek™P90. Conclusion. The ESPE Filtek™P90 composite resin was the one that showed the best results in three different studies. General study area. Dentistry. Specific area of study. Oral rehabilitation. Type of study. Bibliographic review.

En este artículo se presentan resultados parciales de una investigación que analiza la implementación de una política recreativa orientada a jóvenes de sectores populares en la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. El trabajo se centra en las percepciones y apropiaciones que las y los jóvenes participantes del Programa Adolescencia construyen en torno a la propuesta de intervención desarrollada en instituciones deportivas entre 2009 y 2021. La estrategia metodológica combina técnicas de investigación cualitativa con datos primarios y secundarios que permiten comparar las representaciones y prácticas de sus principales actores y dar cuenta de las tensiones y mediaciones que aparecen entre lo que sus agentes estatales e institucionales proponen y las apropiaciones y resignificaciones que los participantes realizan del mismo. Entre las principales conclusiones del análisis se encuentra la mirada celebratoria que sostiene la población destinataria sobre el programa como espacio de significativa incidencia en el enriquecimiento de sus prácticas, representaciones y trayectorias biográficas. Igualmente, se señalan los límites que encuentra para incidir en los mecanismos de integración social en un contexto de progresiva reducción presupuestaria y de retrocesos en el reconocimiento de los derechos recreativos para la población juvenil de la Ciudad. Summary: This article presents partial findings from a research project that examines the implementation of a recreational policy aimed at young people from low-income sectors of Buenos Aires city. The study focuses on the perceptions and meanings that participants in the Programa Adolescencia construct around the intervention carried out in sports institutions between 2009 and 2021. The methodological approach combines qualitative research techniques with both primary and secondary data sources. This allows for a comparison of the representations and practices of the program’s key actors, while also shedding light on the tensions and negotiations that emerge between the proposals designed by state and institutional stakeholders and the ways in which young participants engage with, reinterpret, and make the program their own. Among the main conclusions of the analysis is the positive view held by the target population, who perceive the program as a meaningful space that enriches their practices, social representations, and life trajectories. At the same time, the study highlights the program’s limitations in promoting social integration, particularly in a context of ongoing budget cuts and the gradual erosion of recreational rights for the city’s youth.

El artículo busca analizar cómo el diseño y la orientación de nuevas políticas sociales, focalizadas hacia sectores con vulnerabilidad socioeconómica, generan efectos duales en los sistemas de protección. Por un lado, amplían la cobertura incluyendo a nuevos ciudadanos trascendiendo su pertenencia al mercado formal de trabajo; por otro, segmentan el acceso y profundizan la estratificación de beneficios. Asimismo, la focalización tiende a promover desconfianza ciudadana hacia la población beneficiaria, con impactos negativos en la opinión pública. El artículo aborda en profundidad la experiencia uruguaya como referencia significativa, a partir de datos secundarios, análisis documental y, principalmente, una encuesta representativa sobre preferencias de bienestar social en el país. Summary: This article analyzes how the design and orientation of new social policies, particularly those that are focused on socioeconomically vulnerable sectors, generate dual effects within welfare schemes. On one hand, they expand coverage by including new citizens without question their participation in the formal labor market; on the other, they segment access and deepen the stratification of benefits. At the same time, targeting tends to foster public distrust toward beneficiaries, with negative repercussions on public opinion. The article examines the Uruguayan experience in depth as a significant reference, drawing on secondary data, documentary analysis, and, primarily, a representative survey on social welfare preferences in the country.

La agregación de agentes tecnológicos a los entornos familiares y al sistema escolar están alterando los procesos de socialización primaria con un alcance y una transversalidad inusitadas, interpelando consecuentemente a todo el cinturón institucional. En el marco de la investigación que realizamos en IDAES-UNSAM y el Observatorio de Sociedad, Tecnología y Educación (OISTE) sobre imaginarios tecnológicos y nuevas socializaciones, este trabajo releva y analiza los emergentes que arrojó el trabajo de campo sobre los adultos y las instituciones educativas, problematizando la perspectiva y los recursos con que se los aborda y se los gestiona, tanto en términos subjetivos como sociales, orgánicos y políticos. Summary: The incorporation of technological agents into family settings and the school system is transforming primary socialization processes with an unprecedented scope and degree of transversality, thereby challenging the entire institutional framework. Within the research conducted at IDAES-UNSAM and the Observatory of Society, Technology, and Education (OISTE) on technological imaginaries and new forms of socialization, this paper identifies and analyzes the findings emerging from fieldwork focused on adults and educational institutions. It further problematizes the perspectives and resources through which these phenomena are addressed and managed, both in subjective and social, as well as organizational and political terms.

Este número de Cuestión Urbana, titulado “Juventudes olvidadas”, aborda la situación de los y las jóvenes en contextos de marginación, donde suelen ser responsabilizados por los problemas sociales más que reconocidos como sujetos de derechos. Los artículos analizan cómo, en un escenario de creciente desigualdad, los jóvenes quedan relegados y estigmatizados, incluso en ámbitos donde deberían ser protagonistas como la educación, la cultura o el deporte, mientras las políticas de control ganan espacio. El dossier reúne investigaciones sobre consumos digitales, conflicto con la ley, participación política, trabajo y educación, destacando el impacto de las nuevas tecnologías en la profundización de la brecha generacional y la urgencia de repensar las políticas sociales. Además, incluye entrevistas a Gabriela Torres y Melina Vázquez, un estudio sobre bienestar en Uruguay, experiencias de políticas municipales en Paraguay y los efectos de la crisis climática en ciudades brasileñas, junto con la implementación del Programa Envión-Podés en La Matanza. La publicación pone en valor la calidad y compromiso de los autores, buscando articular investigación e intervención social.