Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

The main objective of this article is to analyze how the right to inclusive education for children with physical disabilities is guaranteed in Peru within the framework of compliance with international and national regulations. A qualitative method is used, with a descriptive approach and a documentary design.The results show that progress has been made gradually in the development of standards and policies. However, there are still obstacles in society and in schools, such as the lack of public funding, poor infrastructure, limited accessible materials, and the lack of participation and training of teachers. The study concludes that inclusive education is a right of people with disabilities, and for it to be exercised properly, it is not enough for the State to participate; the sensitization of the educational community is also necessary.

Self-efficacy in students plays an essential role in their integral development, both in their training and in the academic field, particularly in relation to the confidence they have in their own abilities to communicate orally in different social contexts. The present research aims to demonstrate that the cooperative strategy called Structured Academic Controversy (CAE) favors the development of communicative self-efficacy in students of secondary level of Regular Basic Education in Peru. For this, a study was carried out with a quasi-experimental design, considering a specific sample of students (n=58), to whom a survey was applied to measure their level of oral communicative self-efficacy. Subsequently, the impact of the methodological strategy on the experimental group was analyzed in comparison with the control group. The findings showed a significant difference between both groups, according to the Mann-Whitney U test (U=259.00) with a significance level of p-value =.01 < .05. It was concluded that this type of cooperative strategies, focused on the critical analysis of issues of public interest from a controversial perspective, are beneficial to strengthen students' confidence by actively participating in various dynamics of oral discussion, such as round tables, debates, forums and panels.

This article analyzes the impact of the instructional redesign of a course aimed at developing written communication skills, implemented in 2018 at a private university in Lima, Peru. The research is framed within the socio-discursive interactionism (SDI) model, which views writing as a situated practice shaped by specific communicative contexts. It also draws on the Writing Across the Curriculum (WAC) approach, which promotes writing as a transversal tool across all disciplines, emphasizing its cognitive (Writing to Learn), critical (Writing to Engage), and rhetorical (Writing in the Disciplines) dimensions. The study focused on the rhetorical component, adopting a quasi-experimental design with pre- and post-intervention assessments in two groups: experimental and control. The results show a moderate impact on the development of rhetorical competence, reflected in a greater alignment of students’ texts with academic prompts. This experience highlights the value of discourse genres as mediating tools in academic literacy processes, enabling students to engage actively in the discourse communities of their future professions.

This exploratory study presents the results of the conception and content of Human Greatness, a topic we have been exploring from both a conceptual and theoretical perspective. This exploratory research is part of two studies conducted with the samepopulation, comprised of teachers, mothers, artists, and other personnel linked to the educational field, to gain clear evidence of what values for human greatness mean to these groups in Lima, Peru. The analysis is more closely linked to the proposals of Edgar Morin, creator of complex thought, who proposes focusing on teaching the ethical dimension of daily life.

This article aimed to conduct a bibliographic review of the progress of new technologies related to heritage education, showing some examples of the experiences around it, reviewing its development and considering the advantages and limitations of its application; likewise, the digital gaps that hinder its expansion were considered. In this study, the descriptive documentary research method was used, making use of a narrative review, which includes documents that show the concepts of heritage and heritage education, pointing out their advances and new trends, also describing the characteristics of the new technologies used in the field of heritage education. The study concluded that the use of new technologies facilitates the dissemination of cultural and natural heritage, in addition to enabling a better development of meaningful learning, achieving reflective and critical skills in students, thus fostering creativity and interest in their past. 

In the present study, from the perspective of Spanish regulation, a comparative review is carried out of an institution as important in a Rule of Law as the Presidency of Constitutional Justice in a selection of American and European States as well as in the presidency of International Courts of the regions such as the Inter-American Court of Human Rights, the Court of Justice of the European Union and the European Court of Human Rights. And it is that the promulgation of new constitutions, the reforms of the development texts and the latest developments in their formulations make it necessary for Comparative Constitutional Law to do a work of this nature where we begin with the approach, objective, method and state of the matter to then introduce the comparative and analytical study between national constitutional models and those of International Courts together with a parallel study of constitutional trends.

The text analyzes the abstract control of constitutionality in Colombia, highlighting the points of convergence and divergence between the Constitutional Court and the Council of State. It examines the historical evolution of this mechanism from the Constitution of Cundinamarca of 1811 to the Constitution of 1991, which introduced a model of the Social State of Law. The Constitutional Court was established by the constituent of 1991 as the body in charge of guaranteeing the constitutional supremacy through the control of laws and decrees with force of law, while the Council of State was assigned a residual control over administrative acts and decrees of the same nature. The above legal premises would seem to generate legal certainty in the exercise of constitutional control, but as developed throughout this article, the jurisdictional barriers between the two judicial corporations have been blurred, if it is taken into account that the court of constitutionality is currently assuming knowledge of administrative acts, under the protection of an atypical competence not originally designed in the superior text. 

This research aims to elucidate what could be the most appropriate treatment for a general regulation of surprise clauses in Colombian law, taking into account that, despite being conceived with the same purpose in the legal systems in which they are adopted, there are several aspects in which they diverge, as well as difficulties in distinguishing them from incorporation controls, content and the rule of prevalence. To this end, it is considered necessary to conduct a comparative law study on the reception of surprise clauses in some legal systems of Roman-Germanic tradition in order to understand their original classification and the similarities and differences between them. After conducting this analysis, some ideas are suggested in the event of a possible regulation of the issue in Colombian law. The study concludes that only in German law are surprise clauses formally autonomous from other control mechanisms, while in other legal systems they are usually included within the control of incorporation or content. It also shows how the requirements for identifying these clauses vary between aspects related to the substance and form of the clauses.

This study analyzes the ideological positions of members of the Mexican Chamber of Deputies from 2009 to 2015 by estimating ideal points. It explores whether these positions are primarily explained by party affiliation or by individual characteristics such as gender, Single Member District legislators, and previous status as substitute legislators. The wnominate scaling method was applied to non-unanimous roll-call votes from legislatures LXI, LXII, and LXIII to estimate ideal points in a two-dimensional space. Then, linear models were used to examine the distance between each legislator and their party’s average position. Party affiliation strongly predicts ideological placement. However, female deputies, majority rule elected members, and former substitutes show distinct patterns of proximity or distance to their party lines, varying by conflict dimension and legislature. The emergence of a new anti-system party (Morena) significantly shifts the political spectrum by positioning itself in opposition to the ruling party. The study is based on a limited sample of votes and legislative periods, which restricts generalizability.