Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Se mostró que las lecturas de viñetas sobre exclusión social (ES) provoca en los lectores respuestas emocionales similares a la ES vivida; además los lectores se sintieron con mayor estado de ánimo (EA) negativo, frustración (F) y empatía emocional (EE). La presente investigación evalúa si leer relatos sobre ES aumenta la tendencia a interpretar informaciones neutras como agresivas. En este estudio participaron 46 mujeres que fueron divididos en dos grupos en función de la viñeta que se les presentaban: ES o IS. Luego contestaron “como se sintieron durante la lectura” con cuestionarios sobre EA, F y EE. Para evaluar los efectos cognitivos se les presentaron 10 pares asociados, en el cual una palabra era claramente agresiva y la otra ambigua. Debían contestar en una escala de 1 a 7 qué tan parecidas eran cada par de palabras; luego se administró un cuestionario de agresividad (CA) y otro sociodemográfico. El CA no mostró diferencias significativas entre grupos. El grupo ES presentó mayor EA negativo, F y EE (p<.0001, r=1.00). Además, el grupo ES puntuó las palabras ambiguas como más agresivas respecto del grupo IC (p<.05, r=.30). Este dato muestra por primera vez que la lectura de relatos sobre exclusión social activa procesos asociativos de hostilidad inconscientes; se explican de acuerdo al Modelo General de la Agresión (MGA) y de Berkovitch (1990,1993) que afirma que la frustración en general activa mecanismos no conscientes en las redes asociativas neurales hacia sesgos cognitivos hostiles. 

La resiliencia es un estado importante y vital en relación a la superación de situaciones de alto impacto emocional. Consiste en las capacidades de las personas para afrontar las crisis, resistirlas y aprender de esas situaciones. Es decir, tomar esos resultados y transformarlos en herramientas para aplicarlas en otras situaciones, en un efecto bola de nieve para mejor: a mayor resiliencia, más actitud resiliente. Pero no solamente son los recursos personales, sino también son relevantes los del contexto: personas, novelas, frases, historias, etc. son elementos motivadores que apoyan y sostienen en la resolución del momento trágico. Conscienciar los recursos personales y apelar a tutores de resiliencia que nos ayuden a crecer, es una excelente fórmula para lograr salir adelante. En este artículo se definirá y asociarán conceptos como resiliencia, la teoría del apego, tutores de resiliencia y el análisis de porque las historias, cuentos y películas, operan como tutores de resiliencia, es decir “tutores no humanos”.

Durante la pandemia, las personas han tenido que enfrentar diversas situaciones difíciles a las que tuvieron que adaptarse, sin estar preparadas para ello. El impacto que la pandemia ha tenido en la salud mental nos lleva a repensar cómo se puede preparar a la población para que desarrolle su capacidad resiliente, desde los ámbitos familiares y educativos. Se presenta una serie de estrategias de afrontamiento para la resiliencia que, de acuerdo con diversos estudios realizados, han sido muy eficaces. Entre ellas se citan las siguientes: el afrontamiento activo, la reinterpretación positiva, la aceptación, las prácticas espirituales, la resolución de problemas, los recuerdos positivos, el enfoque en la consecución de metas grupales o familiares, el fortalecimiento de los vínculos, el disfrute de lo estético, el sentido del humor, el enfoque en el sentido de vida y la construcción de las redes de apoyo.

El presente compendio de artículos son el resultado de la disciplina académica y el acervo investigativo del grupo de connotados investigadores iberoamericanos que conforman la Línea de Investigación en Educación y Resiliencia de la Fundación Red para la investigación en Iberoamérica-FREI, de igual manera son parte del calificado recurso humano de connotadas universidades iberoamericanas. La Fundación Red-FREI emerge en el mes de marzo el año 2021 gracias a un proceso de convocatoria realizado y aceptado de manera voluntaria por excelsos investigadores de Iberoamérica, dinamizada por una misión de generar espacios de cooperación en los órdenes nacional e internacional acompañadas de competencias investigativas altamente científicas a través del trabajo en las Líneas de la Educación promulgadas y avaladas en la FREI, con productos tangibles a mediano plazo de la membresía que la conforma, para potenciar y cualificar los procesos que desarrollan docentes, instituciones y agentes educativos en Iberoamérica, esto en la perspectiva de aportar en la formación integral del hombre iberoamericano y la mujer iberoamericana, traducida en su participación de una efectiva y asertiva construcción de ciudadanía, tejido social y proyecto de vida personal, conducente al logro de un mundo más justo y equitativo en todos los órdenes de la actualmente llamada Sociedad del Conocimiento. De igual manera la Visión de FREI, se proyecta a ser una de las Fundaciones de investigación en Educación de mayor reconocimiento en el contexto Iberoamericano y Global con afiliación a la UNESCO, La UNICEF y la OEI; gracias a la excelencia académica de su trabajo investigativo; la calidad de su producción escrita; la eficiente aplicación de sus logros investigativos en los escenarios de la educación iberoamericana; el alto nivel de liderazgo y protagonismo en las propuestas investigativa para Iberoamérica y los continentes; y  su alta calidad y seriedad académica de su ofrecimiento postgradual de diplomados, maestría, doctorados y postdoctorados.

Considering that the incorporation of tax incentives in the tax regulations allows improving the economy of a country, and are aimed at achieving various goals such as generating new sources of employment, promoting care for the environment, as well as improving the quality of life of the community, they also seek to favor companies internally by reducing income tax spending, and; therefore, generate higher profits after taxes and higher cash flows. For this reason, the objective of this research was to establish whether the tax incentives were related to the accounting results to the year 2021 in the small companies of the commercial sector of the province of Cotopaxi regulated by the Superintendency of Companies, Securities and Insurance of Ecuador. For which, a field investigation was carried out, since the data of the companies was collected physically, applying a questionnaire. It was shown that only 31% of the companies availed themselves of the incentives in force by 2021 and achieved a reduction in the payment of taxes before the tax administration, being one of the incentives most applied by the companies under study by the year 2021 hiring of personnel with disabilities that allows an additional 100% deduction of income tax.   URL: https://revistas.uta.edu.ec/erevista/index.php/bcoyu/article/view/1960/version/2614

Ecuador is a country with the 4 worlds, full of legacies and intangible cultural heritage such as gastronomy, it is one of the main economic engines of tourist destinations. Tourists are enriched and learn from the traditional knowledge of the inhabitants through experience and history in the place. The objective of this research is to identify tourist spending on food and spread the local cuisine of the Patate canton. The methodology used is a mixed approach, therefore, three instruments were applied, the interview, the food atlas cards and the survey. For the qualitative part, experts of the different characteristics of the local cuisine were carried out in the field. On the other hand, a survey of tourists was carried out in order to know the tourist food expenditure in the canton and their motivation for visiting. There is a high percentage of tourist spending on food and the local cuisine of Patate is represented by products that are connected to the history of the canton. As a result, a proposal suitable for people with visual disabilities was obtained, it is a spoken magazine that fulfills the function of adapting to all visitors and thus achieving accessible tourism.   URL: https://revistas.uta.edu.ec/erevista/index.php/bcoyu/article/view/1961/version/2615

Detraining in sports, as a specific professional competence, constitutes an object of work in the initial training of the Bachelor of Physical Culture degree, as this is a social actor in social contexts and from this perspective, the reflective gaze on its importance has been oriented; it is also required as a competence that enables health advice from the base link, not only in high performance, hence the need to develop it with a health, preventive and prophylactic approach. Although several studies address this issue, theoretical deficiencies were detected in the reference models; consequently, the objective of the work was to reflect on sports detraining as a specific professional competence in the formation of the Bachelor of Physical Culture degree, from the research work activity. Methods such as analysis-synthesis and structural-functional systemic were used, which made it possible to deepen research on professional skills from an analytical, interpretative and critical perspective. As conclusions, the theoretical limitations related to sports detraining as a specific professional competence were corroborated, as well as the possibility of complementing and enriching the acting model, based on training practice from undergraduate, which contributed to providing a better solution to problems. detraining in the base link.

Higher education, as a stage prior to inclusion in the work environment, is not only a determining factor in the training of professionals, but it is also a decisive factor in the way in which young people perceive the work environment and how they are seen by companies. The study focuses on identifying the social representations of students in their last semester of administrative careers from four universities, two public and two privates, to contrast them with those of recruiters from the public and private sectors. It is an explanatory-comprehensive, qualitative, documentary and field study, based on techniques such as the survey and the analysis of written information. The discourses that predominate among students were identified, in relation to teachers, authorities, administrative personnel, as well as those related to young people from other higher education institutions, among other elements, while the qualifiers are contrasted with those that professionals of human resources have, based on their experience. The evidence that underlies the results of this study must be translated into institutional strategies and actions, so it is recommended to replicate this type of study to comply with graduation profiles.

Learning a new language involves not only cognitive but also existential challenges. The impact of English learning on the lived dimension has been scarcely thematized in empirical research. Therefore, this research aims to describe the Universidad Tecnológica de Izúcar de Matamoros major students' English language learning lived experiences. Because of its emphasis on lived experience, a qualitative methodology of phenomenological character was chosen. A purposive sample was formed, defined by criteria of maximum variation. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and experiential accounts. A thematic analysis was carried out and three themes were named as linguistic obscurity, language-world, and linguistic clarity. The results show that the theme linguistic obscurity is marked by affective dispositions such as strangeness, grief, fear, and insecurity; the theme language-world is characterized by an attitude of openness to the new language, and the theme linguistic clarity is distinguished by autonomy in learning. It is concluded that students move from “I will not understand anything” to “I learned without realizing it,” which implies a teacher's accompaniment that takes into account this lived dimension.

In Mexico, the payment systems for academic merit contributed to generate a type of scholar that favors research, teaching, thesis supervision, and institutional management. These academics receive the greatest recognition. However, numerically they are a minority, around a tenth of the total in the country, so those who do not participate in incentive schemes represent the majority. This article aims to analyze this broad set of scholars, especially their practices and meanings. For this purpose, the study population is represented by tenured professors of the two largest public Universities in Sonora, Mexico. The methodological design is qualitative of a descriptive-comparative nature through the analysis of statistical information and a semi-structured interview to 25 professors. The findings show a group of academics whose main activity is teaching, developed broadly since it considers the meticulous preparation of materials for didactic purposes and noticeable attention and respect towards students. From teaching, professors establish academic work and links with affiliation establishments, but they also understand that they are part of institutionally undervalued groups.