Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Introducción: Las fracturas nasales son las más comunes de la región maxilofacial. Sin embargo, la literatura cubana sobre el tema es escasa y desactualizada, por lo que surgió la motivación para realizar esta investigación. Objetivo: Caracterizar clínica y epidemiológicamente los pacientes con fractura nasal atendidos en un hospital universitario cubano. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal en pacientes atendidos en el Servicio de Cirugía Maxilofacial del Hospital General Universitario “Carlos Manuel de Céspedes” de Bayamo, provincia Granma, Cuba, en el período comprendido entre el 1 de enero y el 31 de diciembre del 2020. Se estudiaron variables clínicas, epidemiológicas y terapéuticas. Resultados: Se incluyeron 99 pacientes, de los cuales 74 (74,75 %) fueron masculinos. En el 44,44 % de los casos las edades estuvieron comprendidas entre los 21 y 40 años. Cincuenta pacientes (50,51 %) tuvieron fracturas producto de la violencia interpersonal. Noventa y siete pacientes (97,98 %) presentaron epistaxis. Cincuenta y nueve pacientes (59,60 %) recibieron reducción cerrada asociada con taponamiento nasal y fijación externa con yeso. Conclusiones: Predominó el sexo masculino y el grupo de edades de 21 a 40 años. La principal etiología fue la violencia interpersonal. En la mayoría de los casos la epistaxis estuvo presente. Prevalecieron las fracturas cerradas, así como las que tuvieron el dorso desviado lateralmente.

Introducción: Las piezas dentarias luego de tratamiento de endodoncia aumentan su susceptibilidad a la fractura, lo que está asociado, principalmente, con la pérdida de la estructura dental.Objetivo: Evaluar in vitro, la resistencia a la fractura de premolares superiores con tratamientos de endodoncia mediante acceso tradicional, conservador y conservador Ninja, con restauración provisoria y final.Métodos: Estudio prospectivo de diseño experimental longitudinal con 42 premolares superiores donados, separados en 3 grupos según el tipo de acceso de endodoncia a aplicarse y luego cada uno en dos subgrupos según el tipo de restauración, y un grupo control, al cual no se le realiza endodoncia. Luego de realizar el tratamiento y la restauración, se evaluó la resistencia a la fractura mediante carga compresiva oblicua (45°), en una máquina de carga universal. Las cargas requeridas para la fractura se registraron en newtons y fueron comparadas estadísticamente.Resultados: Las piezas tratadas mediante acceso conservador Ninja con restauración provisoria y final, requirieron una carga promedio para la fractura de 513,45 N y 638,13 N, respectivamente. Fuerzas significativamente mayores a las resistencias ofrecidas por los otros tratamientos con p < 0,05. Asimismo, no hubo diferencias significativas en las resistencias ofrecidas, entre los casos de acceso conservador y acceso tradicional, ni al comparar los tipos de restauración aplicados con p > 0,05.Conclusiones: En la endodoncia in vitro, el diseño del acceso a la cavidad, tipo conservador Ninja, afectó significativamente la resistencia a la fractura de los premolares superiores, adquiriendo un comportamiento biomecánico similar al de las piezas control.

Introduction: In Cuba thestandards of order and chronology of dental budding, used as a reference, are foreign.Objective: To describe thepatterns of theorder and chronology of outbreak of permanentdentition in Villa Clara province, Cuba.Methods: Anepidemiological and descriptivestudy of permanentdentition in Villa Clara, between 2015 and 2018 wasconducted. Bymeans of simple randommultistagesampling, a sample of 2064 girls and boysbetween 4 and 14 yearsold, born in Villa Clara, withoutalterations in general and craniofacialgrowth, wasobtained. In themtheoutbreakwasobserved and weightedaveragesforageswerecalculated.Results: Differenceswerefoundforagesaccordingto Mayoral, Moyers and Aguila. Symmetrypredominated in more than 50 % and thelowerteetheruptedbeforetheiruppercounterparts, with a frequency of 48.26 %, thelowercanineseruptedafterthelowerfirst premolar.Conclusions: Teethingsymmetrypredominated and occurred in separatetoothgroups, restingperiods and in a polymorphicorder. A tablewiththetootheruptionagesforthepopulation of Villaclarawascreated.

Today, innovations shape great changes in the world and continuously fuel economic growth. Thefactors that contribute to their success in some companies and the relative failure in others are thesubject of study by academics, leaders and professionals. Organizational culture, as a crucialdeterminant for innovation, may be the key to fostering it or the barrier that slows down thedevelopment of the company. Identifying, adopting, sustaining, and correcting the characteristicpractices of this innovative culture will pave the way for being a competitive organization with theability to respond to changes in this constantly evolving world. In this study, a systematic review ofthe literature is carried out, where from the analysis of the primary studies, the conception of theculture of innovation is understood, 68 practices that promote and systematize it are identifiedalong with the impact of the adoption and development of an innovative culture. Through theresults obtained, it is possible to understand the central role that the culture of innovation has in theinnovation capacity of organizations; as well as its significant effect on competitiveness.

As the population increases, the need to satisfy demands such as food and housing increases everyday, to such an extent that, in some cases, human settlements are located close to river basins; and,on the other hand, when farmers use this water to irrigate the crops they produce, they end upcontaminating it. All this brings about that the quality of the water in the rivers is affected. In thissense, the main objective of the research is to evaluate the quality of water for irrigation of ricecrops in the lower Portoviejo River basin using the ICA-NSF method, which is a statistical tool toestimate the quality of a body of water, for the establishment of strategies to prevent and controlthis problem, taking as references two points. The first, located in the El Frutillo community; thesecond, at the Higuerón of Rocafuerte Bridge. The results obtained show that the water quality inthe lower Portoviejo River basin, at point 1, is medium; and, at point 2, is bad. This, as a result ofthe increase of salinity in the water, which can significantly affect the optimal growth of the plantsif the properties to which the roots are exposed get exceeded, in addition to excessive levels ofphosphate and the concentration of high heavy metals such as Cobalt and Manganese, due towastewater discharges, anthropogenic activities, mainly from agriculture and other pollutingsources such as the lubricators and population near the meander of the river, which dischargedirectly into this flow without any type of control or at least awareness of the people who carry outthese polluting activities. Finally, it is concluded that the water quality of the lower PortoviejoRiver basin, especially for crops and in this case rice, is not the most adequate; but it must be clearthat, for farmers in this area, it is the only source of water supply for these types of productiveactivities.

Las redes neuronales artificiales (RNA) han presentado un papel importante con la entrada de la cuarta revolución industrial y las nuevas tecnologías para resolver problemas en diferentes áreas de la ingeniería industrial. Si bien la cuarta revolución industrial está muy ligada a la ingeniería industrial, las redes neuronales son muy complejas en comparación a los métodos tradicionales de control de procesos u optimización de procesos industriales. Se conoce muy poco de esta técnica y sus aplicaciones en el campo de la ingeniería industrial. La presente investigación tiene por objetivo realizar una revisión sistemática de la literatura para conocer las aplicaciones y usos de esta técnica de redes neuronales en la ingeniería industrial. Se incluyen un total de 48 obras científicas que están distribuidas de la siguiente forma: 1 en Redib, 7 en Taylor &amp; Francis, 2 enSpringer, 14 en Researchgate, 5 en Scielo, 1 en Dialnet, 3 en Ebsco,7 en ScienceDirect, 1 en Redalyc, 3 en Google Académico y 4 en páginas web además de repositorios especializados en el tema. De estas obras científicas se encontró que las RNA son utilizadas para predecir y ayudar a diferentes campos de estudio de la ingeniería industrial, 10 aplicaciones en industria 4.0,&nbsp; para aplicaciones en modelos y análisis 3D, 9 enfocados a análisis de cadena de suministro, 8 en Big Data y 13 aplicaciones en manufactura aditiva y máquinas herramientas.

The inventories of environmental liabilities in mining regions of Cuba have not been addressed by Geographic Information Systems (GIS) for the estimation of possible negative impacts. The work is aimed at developing an Integrated Cartographic Model (MCI) of Environmental Liabilities (EL) in the mining region of Santa Lucía according to its spatial distribution and general characteristics to evaluate its effects on the components of the environment. The classification and the new theoretical references of the PAs for the region under study are considered. The geological methodof irregular itineraries is used in three subregions of the study area for the mapping and GIS of the liabilities from a spatial data infrastructure platform supported by ArcGIS. Theoretical methods were used, such as historical-logical analysis and the systemic approach. As empirical methods,documentary analysis was used. An inventory of 62 ELs is reported, broken down into 16 mining liabilities, 31 chemicals, seven sanitary, five technological, and three agroforestry. The Integrated Cartographic Model developed guarantees the correlation with the geology, the hydrographic network, the tectonics and the ecosystems exposed to potentially toxic elements (PTE).

Given the worldwide pressure to improve or reconfigure the innovation system of a country, suchas Mexico, this research aims to design an expressed tentative model of the Mexican innovationsystem (MTESMI), based on the methodology of soft systems (SSM), to serve as a guide in thediscussion of stakeholders for improvement. It is qualitative-descriptive research, in which the SSMof Checkland is applied. The MTESMI is shaped by the external environment of the nationalinnovation system and five systems: governance, strategic planning, linkage and formulation,coordination, and implementation. It graphically presents the CATWOE analysis of the entiresystem, with the aim of providing a complete overview of the identified systems of human activity,its causes, and effects, on the part and the whole. Besides, show the interrelationships betweenthem. The contribution of the research is the instrumentation of the SSM to treat, from the dynamics&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; of systems and complexity, the innovation system in Mexico, in the interests of theeconomic and social welfare of the country. The document consists of four sections: introduction,method, results, and conclusions.

The use of Information Technology and Communications (ICT) worldwide, the impact of the Internet on commerce has led to the development of multiple computer solutions in parallel to traditional commerce. Good practices in the use of electronic commerce have generated millionaire profits, especially in Latin American countries and Cuba is not exempt from this progress, so the correct implementation of electronic commerce is one of the points within the 2030 economic development strategy. The progress of electronic commerce today in the marketers of the sector has been limited to the development of websites with outdated designs and basic level, leaving aside all the possibilities and opportunities that can be obtained if a greater focus on regarding electronic commerce. A procedure for the implementation of electronic commerce in the iron and steel sectoris essential. It is presented in this article of reflection, a diagnosis of the implementation capabilities of electronic commerce. The proposal has a comprehensive approach based on qualitative and quantitative instruments useful in the diagnosis based on concepts of strategic planning.

The present work is aimed at determining the efficiency of the FBG-400 gasifier of the Indiancompany Ankur Scientific Energy Technologies Pvt. Ltd of the UEB Amarillas of the municipalityof Calimete, it uses rice husk as raw material and air as a gasifying agent. At the top of the gasifier,500 kg/h of rice husks (CA) are introduced at a temperature of 25 °C and a pressure of 101.3 kPawith a calorific value of 13.74 MJ/kg. A synthesis gas with a composition of 15.66 % (CO andCO2), 1.30 % (CH4) and 26.51 % (H2) was obtained, with a calorific value of 5.42 MJ/Nm3 and agasifier yield of 88 %.