Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Sport as a social phenomenon, currently develops simultaneously with the advances of science and technology; in this context, biomechanics plays an important role that ensures the bases for true technical training; hence the work is directed to the use of biomechanics in throwing technique. To respond to this issue, the objective is to apply biomechanical studies to the throwing technique in the throwers of the La Isla de la Juventud baseball team. Document analysis, bibliographic review, scientific observation, interview and the technique of video analysis with the help of a drone were used as methods; this made it possible to measure magnitudes and assess the behavior of the characteristics of the movements executed by the throwers under study. Also, two measurement techniques were used, one through filming and the other by kinematic processing with the use of software such as Tracker and Kinovea. The sample consisted of eight subjects, divided into three athletes, two coaches and three researchers; this allowed to determine the characteristics of the throw distance, the angle formed by the throwing arm with respect to the head, the height of the ball, and the speed of the ball executed by the investigated throwers.

The permanent formation of the graduates of the Degree in Physical Culture and Sports throughout the country constitutes a need determined by the development of science and technology, the changes that are taking place in the Cuban educational system, as an expression of the Third Educational Revolution, and the own needs of the graduates in order to achieve their growth in the professional and the human. In the research, it is started with diagnosing the insufficiencies presented by the continuous training of Physical Education teachers of Higher Education (EFS) graduated from the Faculty of Physical Culture of the La Isla de la Juventud during the job training stage, a factor that affects their job performance. The objective of this research is to design actions for continuous training by professional competencies in Physical Education teachers of Higher Education. In order to fulfill the objective, methods of the theoretical, empirical and statistical-mathematical level were used. The theoretical and methodological foundations analyzed allowed determining and adapting the actions to favor the development of professional skills; these actions are offered as a result for the training by professional competencies of Physical Education teachers of Higher Education, on the La Isla de la Juventud.

Psychological preparation for competitions is a process that enhances the capacities and qualities of the athlete during the preparation to reach the optimal state of mental predisposition. There are few researches that offer empirical evidence of the relationship between the state of mental predisposition and the competitive performance of athletes in combined events. The objective of this work was to determine how the state of psychological predisposition and the competitive performance of Cuban athletes in combined events are related. The research was non-experimental and cross-sectional. The sample was made up of eight athletes from the combined events of the Cuban national athletics team. The Questionnaire of Psychological Predisposition for Competition and the Performance Scale in the competition of combined tests were used. Goal clarity was positively and directly correlated with competitive performance in hurdles (.793 sig. = .019). The significance of the athletes' perceived competition was positively and directly correlated with hurdles and high jump (.826 sig. = .012 and .717 sig. = .045). As the clarity of objectives increased in the athletes studied, so did the performance perceived by their coaches in the hurdles races they carried out in the 2020 Cuba Cup. As the significance of the competition was greater, so was the performance in hurdle races and high jump.

Based on an ethnographic study on professional knowledge with three social workers in labor scenarios, the paper analyzes, methodologically, the form and content of textual records in field diaries, carried out in the course of short-term fieldwork and dispersed by different contexts. The analysis allowed to identify and reinterpret four great configurations of ethnographic writing: social work situations (ST, description of the activity of each professional-participant); social work reports (RT, professional reflexivity, with the ethnographer, of each participant on TS); ethnographic situations (SE, description of the conditions of interaction allowed to the ethnographer); ethnographic reflexivity (RE, of the ethnographer on the situations). The records show the plasticity and dialogy of the field diaries and the fact that they are mediated by two reflective acts in alterity: reflexive acts of RT on ST, more focused on participants, and RE on SE, more focused on the ethnographer.

Research that associates Environmental Education and Social Representations, especially in the Brazilian context, has grown exponentially in the last two decades. Many of these investigations are based on a qualitative approach, using the questionnaire as a data collection instrument. Given this reality, this article aims to: present some theoretical-methodological reflections on the use of the questionnaire in a qualitative research that articulates Environmental Education and Social Representations, in the field of teacher training and practice. These theoretical-methodological reflections were formulated based on applied research, whose empirical work involved 121 professors in the context of the Brazilian Amazon. Among the conclusive questions, the article highlights the possibilities of the questionnaire to obtain information and emphasizes the limitations that this instrument evokes in qualitative research that, in some way, seeks to contemplate the subjective aspects that characterize people and their social representations.

With the recent advancement of technological resources, the production of photographs has become increasingly popular in all contexts of human activity. Specifically, in the scope of qualitative research, photography has been used mainly as an instrument for the production of data. However, the way it is often used does not contemplate the potentialities of this resource, since it fails to consider the expression of the subjectivities of researchers and research participants in their cultural and historical context of production. Based on the assumptions of Lev Vygotsky's Cultural-Historical Psychology, this theoretical article reflects on the use of photography in qualitative research; it also emphasizes the need to consider photographic images as elements that give meaning and make possible the construction of new senses in photography. In this way, the aim is to contribute to an understanding of the use of photographic records consistent with the assumptions of a genuinely qualitative research approach.

Introducción: el envenenamiento ofídico es considerado un problema de Salud Pública en la mayoría de los países tropicales. La República Bolivariana de Venezuela es considerada uno de los países afectados porque allí se encuentran especies altamente venenosas. Un suero antiofídico de alta calidad, producido por el Centro de Biotecnología de la Facultad de Farmacia de la Universidad Central de Venezuela, ha logrado disminuir la mortalidad causada por estos ofidios en particular. Debido a las circunstancias concretas de la Misión Médica Cubana se ha identificado la necesidad de aprendizaje sobre el manejo de los enfermos lesionados por serpientes venenosas.Objetivo: profundizar en el diagnóstico y el tratamiento de los pacientes lesionados por serpientes venenosas durante el desempeño en los Servicios de Urgencia en el contexto de la Misión Médica Cubana en la República Bolivariana de Venezuela.Método: revisión detallada de los accidentes provocados por serpientes de la familia Viperiade en sus diferentes géneros (Bothrops, Bothriechis, Bothriopsis, Porthidium, Crotalus y Lachesis) y de la familia Elapidae o serpiente de coral, género Micrurus.Conclusiones: el diagnóstico del accidente ofídico tiene sus fundamentos en el conocimiento detallado de las características del cuadro clínico y la actividad fisiopatológica del envenenamiento. En la República Bolivariana de Venezuela la mayoría de los accidentes ofídicos son causados por serpientes del género Bothrops. El tratamiento del accidente bothrópico consiste, además de las medidas generales, en la utilización del antiveneno en dosis adecuadas y por vía intravenosa.

Introduction: non-viral lower genital infections are one of the most frequent reasons for medical consultation in Gynecology. Youth is a vulnerable period for the development of this type of infections. The microbiological diagnosis by the various existing techniques guarantees to determine the specific etiology causing the genital infection.Objective: to characterize non-viral lower genital infections in young females from the infantile and juvenile Gynecology Clinic.Methods: a prospective longitudinal descriptive research was carried out in the Microbiology Laboratory of the "Mariana Grajales" Hospital from January to December 2019. The sample consisted of 91 patients who met the inclusion requirements. Their diagnosis was made according to the algorithm established in the reproductive tract infection section.Results: vulvovaginitis was present in 41.8% of patients, Candida spp. was isolated in 63.2% of young women with vulvovaginitis, Ureaplasma spp. was diagnosed in 22% of cases, pathogenic bacteria were not isolated in 76.9% of patients and in the polymerase chain reaction diagnostic kit the most detected microorganism was Mycoplasma genitalium in 16.5% of cases.Conclusions: vulvovaginitis due to Candida spp. was the most frequent clinical presentation of non-viral lower genital infections among young women. Ureaplasma spp. was the most frequently detected microorganism using the Myco Well D One commercial kit. No pathogenic bacteria were isolated in the majority of patients. The most detected microorganism by polymerase chain reaction was Mycoplasma genitalium.

Introduction: coronary artery disease is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. A valuable tool for its diagnosis is calcium score by cardiac tomography.Objective: to describe the results of the use of calcium scoring in the diagnosis of coronary artery disease.Methods: a cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out at the Cardiocentro “Ernesto Che Guevara” of Santa Clara in 2019. The population consisted of 820 patients with chest pain attended at the tomography service and the sample consisted of 246 patients selected by simple random sampling. A request for informed consent was made and anamnesis, physical examination and coronary calcium score were performed. In the statistical analysis, the Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare the variables describing the calcium score in the four coronary vessels and the Mann-Whitney U test (penalized by the Bonferroni method).Results: 61.4% of those investigated were over 60 years of age, 65.9% were male, 78.1% had some risk factor and arterial hypertension was the most frequent (68.7%). The most common diagnosis was multivessel disease (42.28%) and the anterior descending artery was the most affected (41.46%). There were significant differences between the mean ranges for the number of lesions in the vessels with a median of three for the anterior descending and right coronary arteries.Conclusion: the calcium score was able to diagnose coronary vessel disease in the majority of patients with chest pain.

Introducción: el empleo de medios de contraste en resonancia magnética es una necesidad, para obtener una imagen más efectiva se debe usar el contraste más ideal para minimizar las reacciones adversas y el depósito en los tejidos y en los órganos diana. Debido al uso reiterado de estos contrastes en pacientes con seguimiento oncológico de tumores cerebrales se han observado depósitos del contraste en el cerebro.Objetivo: estudiar las características de los medios de contraste basados en el gadolinio y su uso en resonancia magnética.Métodos: se realizó una revisión documental, se emplearon métodos teóricos para los referentes teóricos del tema, la interpretación de la revisión documental y la progresión de la información en los artículos.Resultados: la toxicidad de los medios de contraste basados en el gadolinio depende de varios factores y la aparición de reacciones adversas leves y graves con su uso se pueden evitar.Conclusiones: se debe valorar, para el uso de los medios de contraste basados en el gadolinio, la relación beneficio/riesgo, esta premisa debe coincidir con la necesidad real de un diagnóstico y un pronóstico (o ambos) efectivos. El objetivo es administrar la menor dosis posible, que se relacione con el tiempo de realce máximo efectivo.