Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Introduction: type 1 diabetes mellitus. It is one of the most prevalent chronic non-communicable diseases in the child population. Its incidence is variable. The causal multifactoriality is proposed where genetic, environmental and immunological factors are involved.Objective: to characterize clinically and epidemiologically patients who debuted with type 1 diabetes mellitus in the child population of Villa Clara in the period from January 2007 to December 2016.Methods: an epidemiological, observational, descriptive, retrospective longitudinal study was carried out at the José Luis Miranda Pediatric Hospital in Santa Clara. The population of 229 children diagnosed with the disease between 1/1/2007 and 12/31/2016 followed up at the institution was studied. Carrying out the review of medical records.Results: 183 patients were identified, representing an average of 1.3/1,000 discharges/year. The absolute number of cases and their relationship with the number of discharges was variable (age, form of debut and sex). The average incidence was 13.12 cases per 100,000 pediatric population, with an average annual increase of 2.3 cases/year. The mean age at diagnosis was 9.74 ± 4.58 years, with greater frequency, respectively.Conclusions: type 1 diabetes mellitus has a high incidence in Villa Clara, the debut occurs frequently between 5 and 14 years, without differences between the sexes, in the form of diabetic ketoacidosis and ketosis, with a very low frequency of complications. Some epidemiological characteristics were similar to those described in the literature.

En el contexto de la pandemia la enseñanza de la lectoescritura se ha visto modificada por el confinamiento y la modalidad a distancia. El objetivo de la investigación fue analizar las experiencias de los docentes en el proceso de enseñanza de la lectoescritura durante la modalidad a distancia derivada de la contingencia por COVID-19. Método. El diseño fue fenomenológico. Se entrevistó a 20 docentes (18 mujeres y 2 hombres) del Estado de Morelos, México. Las entrevistas se realizaron mediante la plataforma Zoom. Resultados. Los docentes señalan que la pandemia acrecentó la brecha de desigualdades educativas, ya que los modelos propuestos, no tomaban en cuenta las características de cada estudiante. Debido a que no existe una propuesta específica para este tipo de enseñanza, cada docente ha desarrollado sus propias estrategias, aunque coinciden en que el apoyo parental fue el factor que marcó la diferencia. En el aspecto emocional los docentes reconocen sentir en ocasiones estrés, ansiedad y frustración. Conclusión. Los docentes consideran que el factor socioeconómico ha sido el gran reto en la enseñanza de la lectoescritura, así como el apoyo parental. Esto ocasionó que se duplicara su carga de trabajo y afectara en ocasiones su salud mental.

The study is important because it allowed to know the existence of public spaces and green areas to learn to coexist and promote sports practices, and it has allowed to determine that 90% of the 45 managers agree that the municipality should allocate a budget to enable more spaces with some own mechanisms of municipal governments, due to the fact that, to date, it has been observed that for each public paved sports ground, there are approximately 3 sports fields with artificial grass with private administration; the objective of this research is to determine the relationship that exists between the types of communication within the neighborhoods of the provincial soccer league; the study was descriptive with a correlational scope, with a non-experimental, cross-sectional design. The subjects of the sample were selected for convenience, that is, a non-probabilistic sample, it was made up of a total of 45 representatives of 15 sports teams, which included 3 representatives for each soccer sports team. The participants in the sports competitions organized by the Sports Department Pearson 2 of the 3 correlations are high, being greater than 0.50, with the exception of the correlation between the dimensions: ascending, and horizontal is a low Pearson correlation of 0 .36; that explains the slight difficulties in coexistence. Consequently, communication to overcome the lack of spaces set up for sports practice is viable, as can be seen in most correlations.

Mild intellectual disability causes slow learning of motor skills, particularly coordination, and this problem is considered to require attention. In Physical Education classes, it was observed that students with mild intellectual disabilities presented alterations in motor, postural, sensory coordinative capacities and in adaptation behaviors to different contexts such as home, the educational institution and the community ; for this reason, the objective was to develop coordination in students from seven to eight years of age, through motor games in Physical Education classes. The study presented was based on methodological complementarity by combining the qualitative and quantitative approaches; theoretical methods such as the analytical-synthetic, the systemic-structural-functional, the historical-logical and the inductive-deductive and empirical methods such as observation, interview, survey and experiment were used. As a result, the theoretical systematization, the diagnosis and the proposal of motor games according to age and mild intellectual disability that manifests itself in the development of motor behavior and in the relations of action of the students were carried out. In general, there was a better coordination and development of skills to perform the different exercises and motor games in Physical Education classes.

Adapted sport, referred to as the term physical activity with children who have some type of disability, has a relevant historical evolution, since from its origins it has faced high challenges. It is recognized that in international level schools and specifically in Cuba, efforts are made to promote inclusion in sport; however, it is considered that the proposals that, from the scientific and methodological point of view, support the use of skills and the development of skills in people with disabilities are still insufficient. For this reason, the objective of this work is to visualize the recruitment of children with the potential to practice sports, from Physical Education, in the special school "28 de Enero". In this research, a survey was applied to students about their likes in sports and a characterization was carried out, based on the application of a test that measured intellectual disability and physical-motor disability in them. The data, in general, revealed that with dedication, improvement and teamwork, satisfactory results can be obtained not only in sports performance, but also in self-esteem and quality of life in these students.

Currently, for adolescents and young people, body appearance is considered important to be accepted in social groups. Correspondingly, the objective of the research was to determine the correlation between the satisfaction of body image with the practice of physical exercise, in adolescents from 12 to 18 years of age of the Educational Unit "Leonardo Maldonado Pérez", in the school year 2020- 2021. The study was quantitative correlational of a non-experimental cross-sectional type, which made it possible to measure the correlation between the body image variables and the practice of physical exercise. For data collection, two instruments were applied: the Body shape Questionnaire , to explore the level of body satisfaction and the identification of dissatisfaction about weight and the Self-report of the Stage of Change for Physical Exercise, to assess the intention to practice physical exercise. The sampling was stratified proportional and simple random of 400 students divided into six groups. The result was a significant high negative correlation between the level of dissatisfaction with body image and the practice of physical exercise. It was determined that the students seek the satisfaction of their body image through the practice of physical exercise, since having a better image motivates the responsibility of staying healthy, through the moderate practice of exercises in different spaces, so that they place it as a personal goal.

The objective of this research was to analyze how learning based on challenges provides, to the teachers of the Pedagogy of Physical Activity and Sport, greater possibilities of developing professional skills in their students. The qualitative method under the design of the grounded theory was used, a non-probabilistic sample where 25 university professors were selected, the in-depth interview technique was applied and a question guide as an instrument, validated through the judgment of five experts. The results found were determined in four stages: open, axial, selective coding and the conditional matrix; the latter allowed to have a theoretical approach by reporting that learning based on challenges enables the acquisition of professional skills. As conclusions, it was stated that challenge-based learning allows teachers to generate positive effects on their students on school performance and develops, better than other methodologies, professional skills during university education to solve new global challenges.

The research was carried out with the objective of proposing a variant of performance profile or deportogram for the female pole vault, based on the behavior of the main physical-technical performance indicators of this test, for the Cuban national team. A bibliographic review of the main antecedents of deportograms previously used for pole vaulting and the indicators that comprised them was carried out. Quantitative measurements were made to 11 physical-technical indicators that were correlated with the result of the pole vault in a study group made up of 14 pole vaulters from the Cuban national team, with an age range between 15 and 32 years (mean ± standard deviation: 25.20 ± 3.5). Theoretical methods such as analysis-synthesis and induction-deduction were used; as empirical methods, the review of documents, the interview, the measurement and, statistical-mathematical that facilitated the research process. The results provided a new performance profile or deportogram for the female pole vault with a significant correlation between the new proposed indicators and the pole vault result.

Born in 1950 in the bosom of a poor family 8 years before the triumph of the Revolution, Victor Andres Garcia Campo, is an example of the result of the inclusive policy developed since its inception by the process in education and sport; and the social retribution that each person must provide for the development of the socialist social system. To the laurels achieved as a member of the municipal, provincial and national volleyball teams, we can add, as a coach, the positive results in the education and/or training of young pupils in this sport; several with outstanding results are former members and/or active members of the National Team and foreign leagues.