Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

La odontología estética es cada vez más demandada por los pacientes. En algunos casos requiere modificaciones mínimas del tamaño, forma o proporciones de los dientes, para lo cual existen principalmente técnicas aditivas directas o indirectas. De la misma manera, la odontología conservadora busca cumplir objetivos estéticos y funcionales con una mínima intervención. El caso clínico presentado describe un recontorneado estético funcional mínimamente invasivo con reducción selectiva del esmalte de los dientes anteriores, a fin de optimizar los resultados estéticos de un paciente masculino de 30 años que consultó por una mejoría estética en la apariencia de su sonrisa. Esta técnica ofrece ventajas como resultados inmediatos con beneficios estéticos y funcionales que pueden considerarse económicos y seguros comparados con los métodos convencionales.

Evaluar el efecto del enjuague bucal Vitis CPC Protect en la microdureza superficial de tres tipos de polimetilmetacrilato (PMMA): autocurado (Alike), termocurado (Vitalloy) y CAD/ CAM (Telio CAD). Metodología: Se fabricaron 90 discos de PMMA, divididos en tres grupos de 30 discos, con dimensiones de 2 mm de espesor y 10 mm de diámetro. Cada grupo se subdividió en tres subgrupos (n = 10): el primero para medir la microdureza inicial, el segundo se sumergió en agua destilada como control, y el tercero en enjuague bucal Vitis CPC Protect. Los discos se mantuvieron en soluciones de 20 ml durante 6 horas a 37 °C, para simular el uso diario del enjuague dos veces al día durante 6 meses. La microdureza superficial Vickers se midió antes y después de la inmersión utilizando un durómetro Vickers con una carga de 50 g. Posteriormente, los datos fueron analizados estadísticamente mediante el test Anova de un factor y el test de comparaciones múltiples deTukey. Resultados: Los valores iniciales de microdureza fueron los siguientes: 14,05 ± 0,31 para el autocurado, 18,00 ± 0,60 para el termocurado y 20,35 ± 1,80 para CAD/CAM. Después de la inmersión en el enjuague bucal, los valores fueron los siguientes: 13,81 ± 0,20 para el autocurado, 17,20 ± 0,38 para el termocurado y 19,21 ± 0,60 para CAD/CAM. Los análisis Anova y la prueba de Tukey revelaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la microdureza de los PMMA termocurado y CAD/CAM (p < 0.05). Conclusión: El enjuague bucal con cloruro de cetilpiridinio afecta la microdureza superficial de los PMMA de termocurado y CAD/CAM, siendo este último el más resistente a dicho efecto. Sin embargo, al ser la disminución mínima, no se contraindicaría el uso del enjuague bucal en los pacientes con restauraciones provisionales de PMMA.

Objective: To associate attitudes and behaviors related to oral health with the experience of dental caries in trainees of the Paraguayan Air Force's Airborne Brigade in the year 2023. Materials and methods: The design was cross-sectional. The sample comprised 100 soldiers. The Hiroshima University Dental Behavior Inventory (HU-DBI) was applied to measure attitudes and behaviors related to oral health, and the experience of caries was assessed using the DMFT index. The Pearson Chi-square test was used to compare the distribution of HU-DBI and DMFT according to background, and Fisher's exact test was applied to associate the experience of caries with attitudes and behaviors at a 95% confidence level. Results: Regarding the assessment of attitudes and behaviors, the average score was 6.33 (SD=1.97), classified as "fair," with a minimum score of 2 and a maximum of 11. The DMFT index was 5.45 (SD=3.9). A homogeneous distribution was found between attitudes and behaviors (p=0.197), and there was no association between caries experience and background (p=0.615). No association was found between caries experience and attitudes and behaviors (p=0.577). Conclusion: The attitudes and behaviors regarding oral health were fair, and the experience of dental caries measured by the DMFT index was low. No association was found between the two variables.

Evidence-based dentistry relies on rigorous and structured research conducted by scientists leading well-designed studies.1 These studies must use representative samples taken from the populations they aim to assess. The quality and representativeness of a sample depend on two key factors: its size and the method used for sampling.2 In the materials and methods section of a research article, it is essential to provide a clear and comprehensive explanation of the formula used to calculate the sample size.1,2 Researchers must choose an appropriate sample size formula that aligns with the nature of the outcome variable and the number of groups they intend to compare.2 Unfortunately, a significant number of research articles fall short in this important area, often due to incomplete descriptions or the application of inappropriate formulas that can compromise the external validity of their findings.

Objective: The review aimed to assess the structural changes in the craniofacial complex following maxillary expansion assisted by micro-implants, known as the “Miniscrew assisted rapid palatal expander” (MARPE) in patients with maxillary transverse deficiency. Materials and Methods: The research included a specific type of expander called “Maxillary Skeletal Expander” (MSE) the design features a posteriorly positioned screw aligned with the zygomatic buttress, supported by four micro-implants located paramedial to the midpalatal suture with bicortical engagement of the palatal vault and the nasal floor. Four databases (PubMed, Scopus, Embase and ScienceDirect) were reviewed until July 2024. Studies reporting skeletal and dentoalveolar changes in patients with transverse maxillary deficiency evaluated using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) were selected. The methodology was ensured using the PRISMA checklist. Results: 13 articles were selected according to the inclusion criteria. Regarding skeletal changes, the disjunction in the axial cut is parallel or nearly parallel, both in lineal and angular measurements (the posterior nasal spine represents between 82% and 101% in relation to anterior nasal spine) Two studies report a deviation in the disjunction at the ANS level of 1.1mm (+/- 1mm) in half of the sample, between one side and the other. Parallelism depends on the disarticulation of the pterygopalatine suture. A correlation was reported between bicortical anchorage anc the opening of this suture (P=0.0003) in 55.6% of the evaluated patients. In the coronal cut the expansion is pyramidal with an upper vertex, and the fulcrum would be located at the most external and inferior point of the frontozygomatic suture, allowing a rotation of 0.6° of the zygomaticomaxillary complex for each millimeter of expansion. Regarding dentoalveolar changes, studies find an average buccal inclination of the upper first molars of 3°. Conclusions: Maxillary expansion assisted by micro-implants significantly impacts craniofacial structures. Furthermore, by ensuring orthopedic movements in young and young adult patients, adverse dental and periodontal effects associated with compensatory or non-skeletal expansion are reduced. Further studies on larger populations are required to confirm these effects.

Introducción: La fotobiomodulación con láser diodo se ha aplicado como una técnica no invasiva para tratar los síntomas de la articulación temporomandibular (ATM), especialmente en el alivio de condiciones dolorosas agudas. Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto de la fotobiomodulación en el manejo del dolor agudo y la apertura bucal en pacientes con trastorno de la ATM. Metodología: Fueron incluidos 12 pacientes diagnosticados según los criterios de diagnóstico para los trastornos temporomandibulares (DC/TMD) para aplicaciones clínicas y de investigación de la Red del Consorcio Internacional RDC/TMD de la International Association for Dental Research y el Grupo de Interés Especial en Dolor Orofacial de la International Association for the Study of Pain, tras la firma del consentimiento informado. Todos los pacientes fueron irradiados usando un láser diodo dual Gemini EVO Ultradent®, y se usó un protocolo de irradiación extrabucal de 0.2W sobre la ATM y 1W cuando el paciente refería dolor muscular sobre la zona sintomática, con un total de 6 sesiones. La intensidad del dolor se calificó usando una escala numérica (EVA). La función mandibular se evaluó mediante la máxima apertura mandibular sin asistencia medida en mm. Los datos fueron analizados mediante un análisis de varianza de modelo mixto (ANOVA). Los valores p < 0,05 fueron considerados estadísticamente significativos. Resultados: La intensidad de dolor disminuyó estadísticamente de 7,52 ± 1,18 a 2,13 ± 1,33 (p < 0,001) de la primera a la última sesión. A nivel de región de ATM hubo una reducción de dolor de 6,25 ± 2,83 a 1,5 ± 1,50; en el músculo temporal, de 7 ± 1,85 a 1,66 ± 1,30; en el pterigoideo, de 6,25 ± 2,99 a 1,25 ± 1,15; y en el masetero, de 6,83 ± 1,80 a 1,41 ± 1,31. Con respecto a la apertura bucal, la función aumentó estadísticamente de 32,05 ± 4,3 mm a 42,66 ± 1,6 mm (p < 0,001). Conclusiones: La intensidad del dolor y la apertura bucal en pacientes con trastorno de la ATM mejoran sustancialmente después de los tratamientos de fotobiomodulación láser.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of laser-assisted dental bleaching on color luminosity and dental sensitivity. Methods: Twenty-eight patients (75% female, 25% male) with a mean age of 21.75 years were randomly allocated into two groups: experimental and control (n = 14). Both groups received 35% hydrogen peroxide. In the experimental group, the bleaching gel was activated with a 980 nm diode laser at an energy density of 86.41 J/cm² (three applications), whereas the control group did not receive laser activation. Standardized photographs were taken to evaluate luminosity at the middle third of the right maxillary central incisor, using CIELab coordinates at three time points: baseline, immediately after treatment, and at 7 days post-treatment. Dental sensitivity was assessed using a visual analog scale (VAS). Data were analyzed using Mann-Whitney U and Student’s t-tests (p < 0.05). Results: No statistically significant differences in immediate post-treatment luminosity were found between groups (p = 0.412); however, significant differences were observed at 7 days (p = 0.000), with the laser group exhibiting greater color stability. Although sensitivity differences were not statistically significant (p > 0.05), lower VAS scores at 1 and 24 hours were recorded in the experimental group, indicating reduced hypersensitivity. Conclusion: Laser-assisted bleaching with a 980 nm diode laser improves the stability of color luminosity at 7 days, offering clinically relevant benefits. While sensitivity did not show statistically significant differences, the reduced discomfort reported in the laser group highlights its potential to enhance the overall patient experience.

Objetivos: El objetivo fue evaluar la asociación entre las dinámicas individuales del entorno familiar y la experiencia de caries de aparición temprana (CAT), así como determinar si estas asociaciones varían según el grado de afectación del tejido dental. Materiales y métodos: Se analizaron datos de 210 niños de 3 a 5 años en Callao, Perú, a partir de cuestionarios y exámenes dentales. Las dinámicas familiares evaluadas incluyeron la propiedad de la vivienda, la convivencia parental, la estructura familiar y el tamaño de la familia. La experiencia de CAT se evaluó mediante el examen clínico de los dientes primarios cariados, obturados o ausentes, diferenciando las lesiones cavitadas y no cavitadas. Las covariables fueron demográficas, socioeconómicas, conductas de salud y acceso a los servicios odontológicos. Para el análisis, utilizamos modelos de regresión multivariable por bloques, estimando cocientes de prevalencia e intervalos de confianza al 95%, y reportamos nuestros hallazgos de acuerdo con las directrices STROBE. Resultados: Los modelos totalmente ajustados indicaron que la prevalencia de experiencia de CAT fue mayor en niños que residían en viviendas alquiladas (RP 1,29; IC 95% 1,17; 1,41), en hogares monoparentales (RP 1,75; IC 95% 1,61; 1,91), en familias extensas además de la familia nuclear (RP 1,19; IC 95% 1,08; 1,29) y en aquellos que compartían el hogar con al menos cuatro miembros adicionales (RP 1,05; IC 95% 0,94; 1,14). El análisis de subgrupos de acuerdo con el grado de afectación del tejido dental mostró que la estructura familiar y el tamaño del hogar estaban significativamente asociados con lesiones no cavitadas, mientras que la asociación con lesiones cavitadas fue más pronunciada en relación con la convivencia parental, después de ajustar por todas las covariables. Conclusiones: Los indicadores relacionados con las dinámicas individuales del entorno familiar están asociados con la experiencia de caries de aparición temprana (CAT) en niños pequeños en el Perú. Sin embargo, se requieren análisis adicionales para comprender plenamente los mecanismos subyacentes y otros determinantes que contribuyen al desarrollo de la caries en esta población de estudio.

Aim: This study aims to examine the factors influencing the decision to perform replantation following avulsion of permanent teeth, as well as factors affecting the maintenance of replanted teeth in the first-year post-injury. Material and Methods: This retrospective analysis involved examining dental records and periapical radiographs of patients with avulsed permanent teeth. Demographic information, details regarding traumatic lesions, and treatment specifications were extracted from dental records. Radiographs obtained during the initial appointment were used to assess root maturity, and the ones at the one-year follow-up examination evaluated the maintenance of replanted teeth, along with the presence of endodontic therapy, bone loss, periapical lesions, and inflammatory or replacement resorption. Chi-square tests and hierarchical Logistic Regression Analysis were employed to identify factors associated with replantation success and maintenance of replanted teeth after one year. Results: Data from 106 patients and 154 avulsions were collected according to predefined criteria. Of the 154 teeth, 102 (76.2%) underwent replantation. Patients over 13 years of age at the moment of the traumatic injury, those with avulsion of more than one tooth, and those with associated alveolar bone fractures were less likely to undergo replantation. In the first-year post-injury, 71 of the 102 replanted teeth (70.3%) were retained. Tooth loss within the first-year follow-up was more likely in male patients, individuals over 13 years old at the moment of the avulsion, and those with associated alveolar bone fractures. Conclusions: Patient age and alveolar bone fractures during traumatic injuries were identified as factors associated with both replantation outcomes. Patient gender influenced the presence of the tooth in the first-year postinjury, while avulsion of more than one tooth showed an association with replantation performance.

In dentistry, predictable and successful implant treatments demand a comprehensive understanding of the biological mechanisms related to hard and soft tissue changes. The objective of this case reports is to describe in two patients, the conditioning of the implant supracrestal complex (ISC) through the "X Technique", aiming to achieve an enhanced muco-cervical imprint of an individualized emergence profile conformer, reproducible for the emergence profile of the final prosthetic restoration, safeguarding ISC health with the use of active oxygen/lactoferrin gel (blue®m) and ISC stability with the proposed surgical-prosthetic protocol. The technique involves oblique subperiosteal incisions in an "X" pattern with meticulous tissue manipulation to modify peri-implant mucosa phenotype, enhance the buccal contour, and stimulate papilla formation without resorting to additional mucosal grafts. Clinical significance: The technique described offers a promising approach in obtaining a predictable and reproducible muco-cervical imprint or footprint of the prosthetic emergence profile framed within the ISC. Offering to achieve key parameters such as supracrestal tissue height (STH), ISC integrity, muco-cervical imprint stability and implant mucosa thickness (MT) displaying stability. This underscores the effectiveness of the technique in ensuring the sustained health and aesthetics of peri-implant tissues. Further longterm studies are needed to quantify the benefits of this technique in increasing keratinized tissue width (KTW) and MT effectively.