Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Background: Juvenile laryngeal papillomatosis (JLP) is a chronic benign disease from viral etiology, whose clinical course can be aggressive. In Mexico, the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes that cause this disease have been poorly studied. Objective: To identify the HPV genotypes in patients with JLP in a reference Hospital in Puebla, Mexico. Mehods: A retrospective descriptive study was performed in patients with JLP attended in a 3rd level care of the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social in Puebla, México, from 2018 to 2021. Medical records were revised. In all patients, HPV identification was performed by polymerase chain reaction for genomes 6, 11, 16 and 18 using specific oligonucleotides. Descriptive statistics were applied. Results: 9 patients were included, 56% women, mean age 9.5 ±5.7 years; 7 patients were HPV-11 positive and 2 HPV-6. The mean age at diagnosis was 2.35 ±1.77 years, with an average of 12 ±11.56 surgical procedures; 5 patients were tracheostomy carriers, 4 had genotype 11; 8 patients were born vaginally, but no patient had maternal genital condylomatous lesions. In the patient born by cesarean section, transmission due to sexual abuse was documented. Conclusions: The most frequent genotypes in patients with JLP in the south-central region of Mexico are HPV-6 and HPV-11, the latter one is predominating.

Introduction. There is a wide range of seawater products for nasal lavages. Their efficacy and superiority over conventional saline solutions are not well established. Objectives. To analyse the best-selling seawater products, as well as reviewing the most recent literature regarding nasal lavages. Methods. Comparative study of composition, administration mode, age indicated for its use, price and bibliography provided on the web of the seawater products usually available in pharmacies. Analysis of the bibliography provided and review of the scientific evidence regarding nasal lavages with saline solutions or seawater. Results. 44 products from 11 manufacturers were analysed. The concentration of sodium chloride varies from 0.9% to 2.5%. The most frequent mode of application is spray. The addition of plants, salts and other components is common. Only two brands provide bibliographic references on their website. According to the literature reviewed, both saline solutions and seawater seem especially useful in the treatment of upper respiratory tract infections and allergic rhinitis. Conclusions. There is no solid scientific evidence regarding the benefits of nasal lavages. With the current evidence it is not possible to recommend seawater over conventional saline or to establish the optimal concentration of the solution or the most convenient mode of administration. The addition of elements to seawater solutions is not justified enough.

Mr Editor Infection at the operating site (ISO) is the most common postoperative surgical complication in general surgery. This is more frequent in cases of emergency interventions, compromises the patient's prognosis, causes high health costs, and signicantly increases the risk of reintervention. Negative pressure therapy (NPT) is an innovative strategy that was proposed about two decades ago, and has been gradually replicated around the world. This means that there are still many gaps in the evidence when it is used in many diseases and under different contexts. Nevertheless, it allows obtaining conclusive results in the time of healing, reduction of complications (mainly dehiscence and ISO), decrease in hospital stay, among other factors. In Latin America, there is very little evidence on the use of this strategy, and it is null regarding its use in emergency cases without being able to determine its impact on our environment. Recently, Lakhani et al 3 conducted a meta-analysis of 7 studies with a total of 1199 patients, where they evaluated the ISO rate in patients undergoing emergency laparotomy in whom NPT was used (n=566) vs. control group (standard care, n=633). The NPT group had a lower infection rate (13.6% vs. 25.1%), with a 57-percentage point reduction in the probability of presenting ISO (OR 0.43; 95% CI: 0.30 - 0.62).

Introduction: During virtual classes in the context of COVID-19, students were exposed to digital screens for many hours, so they could present computer vision syndrome. Objective: To determine the frequency of computer vision syndrome in sixth-year medical students at Ricardo Palma University during virtual education due to COVID-19 in October and November 2021. Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study in 147 sixth-year medical students who received virtual education at a Peruvian university during 2021. A non-probability sampling was used for convenience and the SVI was evaluated with the SVI-Q questionnaire, in addition characteristics were evaluated. demographics, visual preventive measures and eye diseases. The results were analyzed with SPSS v.21 for Windows. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee. Results: Most of the students were young adults (54%) and female (60%). The frequency of computer vision syndrome was 93%, it occurred in (94%) women and (90%) men. Most of the students reported having myopia (44%) and astigmatism (22%). The most common visual symptoms were tearing (7.9%), itching (7.6%) and headache (7.6%). Conclusions: A high frequency of SVI was found in medical students who took virtual classes.

Introduction: There is a high prevalence of anemia in Peruvian children. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of nutritional talks at a health center in Chiclayo in reducing and preventing anemia in children from 6 to 36 months of age. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study. We studied 78 children cared for in a primary health care center. Information from growth evaluations was extracted from a database generated by the center. We recorded the hemoglobin level (close to the date of the intervention and in subsequent controls ≥1 month later), we also collected information from the participants and care. Results: 41 children (52.57%) participated in the nutritional talk, no significant differences being observed with the group that did not participate. We observed a higher frequency of anemia in the group that did not participate in the nutritional talk (23.03%) with respect to the one that did participate (0%), a significant difference in time was evident between Hb evaluations (p <0.001) and the indication of micronutrients (p <0.001) for both groups. Despite this, there was no significant difference between the initial and final Hb values. The groups with anemia were studied, showing a longer time between evaluations and a lower indication of micronutrients with a significant difference of p <0.001 and p = 0.030 respectively. Conclusion: Children whose parents participated in nutritional talks had less anemia. This suggests that nutritional talks could help prevent anemia. Key words: Anemia, nutrition programs, infant nutrition, infant care

ABSTRACT Introduction: Digestive bleeding can put patients’ lives at risk, even more so when the origin is not located in routine upper and lower endoscopy. The small intestine is the largest portion of the digestive tract and being a source of bleeding means a diagnostic and therapeutic medical challenge. Clinical case: We presented cases of two female patients, 53 and 60 years old, who develop digestive bleeding, locating its origin in the small bowel and undergoing surgical removal of the affected intestinal segment. The anatomopathological study finds malformed arteries and veins that communicate without an intermediate capillary bed. The diagnosis was arteriovenous malformation, a rare entity in the small bowel. Both cases are reviewed with emphasis on the histopathological criteria and their clinical correlation. Keywords: Arteriovenous malformation, small bowel, obscure digestive bleeding.

Objective: To compare the levels of depression, stress and anxiety according to Adventist affiliation during the pandemic in residents of the commune of Maipú, 2022. Methods: Quantitative, analytical, correlational and cross-sectional study, applied to a sample of 176 inhabitants of the commune of Maipú, in the Metropolitan Region of Chile, using the modified Graffar scale to measure socioeconomic level and the Depression, Stress and Anxiety Scale (DASS-21) to measure levels of symptoms of depression, stress and anxiety in the population. The Mann Whitney U test was used to compare indicators of depression, anxiety and stress in both groups. The study was approved by an ethical committee. Results: The Adventist population considering the sample obtained better indicators, with lower symptomatology level scores in depression and anxiety with values (p=0.002) and (p=0.00) respectively showing significant differences. As for stress, the levels were lower in the Adventist population but without significance with value (p=0.086). Conclusions: There are protective factors in the practicing community that need to be identified and studied as they can benefit the community at large. These elements may be associated with the lifestyle practiced by Adventists as part of their tradition.