ISSN: 2310-2799
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546,196 artículos
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
2309-4982, 0188-7653
Iglesias Ortuño, Emilia de los Ángeles
Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales, Sede México
Resumen
Obstetric violence means extreme bodily control over a woman’s self-determination during childbirth. Medical practice establishes protocol guidelines to guarantee professional know-how through a mechanized intervention process, a rigid capacity for action, even a preference for professional judgment instead of the patient’s personal preferences. All these strategies are intended to ensure the well-being of the patient, but rejecting subjectivities or complex desires to be typified by the clinical approach instead of doing a humanized procedure that guarantees the active participation of the mother. In this case, our objective is to identify the main theoretical elements related to obstetric violence as the birth process, power dynamics and reproductive well-being, from the hermeneutical approach of a current real case. Narrative analysis reveals an unbalanced role play that generates an interpersonal relationship of power-submission that conditions the process of legitimation, decision-making and active participation of women, including their reproductive well-being as a human right.
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
2309-4982, 0188-7653
Sánchez, Francisco
Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales, Sede México
Resumen
This article explains the process in which a president without initial support in the legislative power and without a party could run a stable government with an ample parliamentary support. The president Rafael Correa provoked a shock in the institutional system that altered the balance of power that guaranteed solid parliamentary supports in the long run. This was due to the instrumentalization of the state and a plebiscitary conception of democracy. It was made possible given three elements: 1) a system of political representation in crisis, 2) a president with high levels of popularity and acceptance, 3) the president’s conviction that his decisions —in his capacity of direct representative of the people— could be above those of institutions and norms.
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
2309-4982, 0188-7653
Papalini, Vanina; Avelín Cesco, María Josefina
Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales, Sede México
Resumen
The purpose of this article is to discuss the notion of medical pluralism, understood as the ability to integrate non-biomedical medicines —native American therapeutics, natural and herbal medicines and complementary and alternative medicines— into the Latin American health model. We discuss who definitions and analyze different current classifications. Finally, we examined a panel of six countries: Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru, comparing them briefly, to establish how and to what extent the different medicines practiced in Latin America are recognized in their regulations and laws.
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
2309-4982, 0188-7653
Muzlera, José; Pérez Gañán, Rocío
Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales, Sede México
Resumen
In the Argentine agribusiness, the actors are linked and manage their production with multisite, flexible and highly adaptive practices. This work, through a comparative case study, shows this in two paradigmatic territories of the Argentine wet pampa: that of the pools and megapools, and that of the “resistance” inheritance of chacarero families. The results reveal a complex interrelation between global logics and dynamics and local structures and idiosyncrasies in both cases, although with differences that derive from the incorporation of specific constitutive elements given by a more or less local adaptation and by a greater or lesser extra-sectoral investment.
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
2309-4982, 0188-7653
Schettino, Francesco; Romanò, Sara; Gabriele, Alberto; Echevarría León, Dayma
Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales, Sede México
Resumen
This study is the first assessment of the well-being distribution in Cuba during the period of economic and social reforms launched by the president Raúl Castro. Our results show that the level of well-being, measured as the access to fundamental goods and services and non-monetary assets, raised despite the economic crisis over the period 2006-2014. Inequality in the distribution of well-being slightly increased until 2011, but decreased in the subsequent period 2011-2014, for reaching in 2014 a level just below that observed in 2006.
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
2309-4982, 0188-7653
Ramírez Hernández, Pedro
Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales, Sede México
Resumen
In setting a government agenda it is unlikely he accommodates cultural issues. When these are defined as problems that reach the first level of an agenda, they become precedents. This happened in the 2016-2018 administration of the Government of Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico, with the design and implementation of the “Public Art” policy. This essay seeks to discuss how the topic was defined as a relevant problem to be incorporated into the agenda. From the reflections generated, we ventured to provide a conclusion that specifies whether public policy is relevant, needs adjustments, or should be discarded.
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
2309-4982, 0188-7653
Trovero, Juan Ignacio
Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales, Sede México
Resumen
This article focuses on an episode of the Latin American intellectual debate raised in the late sixties about “what is” Latin America, introduced in the 36th number of Mundo Nuevo journal. For this, it is proposed to analyze the reflections of its five participants: Afrânio Coutinho, Gino Germani, Gilberto Freyre, Norberto Rodríguez Bustamante and Jean Casimir, and to reconstruct the context of production of this controversial journal, within the framework of the Congress for Cultural Freedom and the cultural Cold War. Finally, some general and comparative conclusions are offered.
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
2309-4982, 0188-7653
Pérez Ricart, Carlos A.
Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales, Sede México
Resumen
The article aims to examine the relationship between violence and small arms and light weapons (salw) availability among civilians in Latin America. The article argues that the causal relationship between high rates of arms availability and high rates of violence does not hold for every context, nor for the entire region. However, in specific circumstances high rates of arms availability do trigger violent situations. By analyzing and synthesizing empirical academic contributions to this discussion, the article aims to contribute to the research field on violence, criminality, and security in the region. The article calls for further comparative and empirical research that might answer questions around the complex relationship between violence and arms availability among civilians in Latin America.
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
2309-4982, 0188-7653
Bohigues, Asbel; Sendra, Mariana
Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales, Sede México
Resumen
This article aims to analyze the reasons behind support for protest, differentiating between two types: legal demonstrations, and road blockades. To do so, we contrast two theories: resource mobilization, and disaffected radicalism, taking the case of Argentina as a reference. We use data from the Americas Barometer for the period 2008-2017. Controlling for temporality through a fixed-effects ordered logistic model, the results show that the resource mobilization theory has greater empirical support, even with the exception of support for democracy in blockades. Moreover, the analysis shows that the main determinants, support for democracy and interest in politics, are maintained over time, although the rejection of legal demonstrations by non-democrats and those disinterested in politics is reinforced.
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
2309-4982, 0188-7653
Atilano Robles, Edwin
Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales, Sede México
Resumen
Why do opposition parties vote in favor of presidential bill initiatives when they apparently have no incentive to cooperate? Scholarly literature has suggested that opposition cooperation in a presidential regime is unlikely, especially when there are not portfolio coalitions. However, empirical evidence shows that opposition parties in Mexico tend to approve presidential bill initiatives extensively. To explain this dynamic, I argue that opposition cooperation may depend on when the initiative is approved and whether it is an initiative that increases redistribution. This is tested through several time-series models and the results point in the direction of my argument.
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