Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Páramos are High Andean ecosystems that harbor a diverse biota and have high endemicity, because of their extreme environmental conditions. We used different phylogenetic indices to define conservation priorities in the paramos of the department of Antioquia, Colombia, based on measures of their evolutionary individuality and richness complimentary. To perform the analyses, we generated a database including 416 angiosperm taxa and 1 951 localities for a total of 12 897 distributional records compiled from surveys and reviews. Additionally, the available information in the Global Biodiversity Information Facility and the Colombian Biodiversity Information System were included. From these data, priority areas for the conservation of the paramos located in the state of Antioquia were identified, using measures of evolutionary individuality based on nodes and biotic complementarity. Taking into account only the individual phylogenetic indices, the most important paramo for conservation was Frontino-Urrao, followed by Farallones de Citará. If biotic complementarity is considered, the second most important paramo is Sonsón. Priority classifications of areas based on individuality are congruent with areas of greatest species richness. We conclude that it is necessary and urgent to preserve the paramos given their vulnerability and the subsequent loss of the ecosystem services that they provide, if they are exposed to degradation or disappearance.

Introducción: una de las principales consecuencias de las enfermedades oncohematológicas es la aparición de desnutrición. Un estado nutricional subóptimo implica un empeoramiento de la calidad de vida del niño y una menor tasa de supervivencia lo que indica la necesidad de un mayor conocimiento por los pediatras y médicos de familia de los principios básicos sobre el tema.Objetivo: describir los aspectos relacionados con el manejo nutricional de los pacientes en edades pediátricas con enfermedades oncohematológicas.Método: se realizó una búsqueda de los principales artículos científicos de los últimos años, así como de la literatura impresa que incluye el tema, siendo seleccionados los contenidos más relevantes para la confección del informe final y contribuir a su utilización por los médicos que atienden estos enfermos.Resultados: El soporte nutricional especializado está indicado en pacientes con desnutrición, ingesta oral inferior al 70 % de sus requerimientos nutricionales durante tres días consecutivos y pacientes con complicaciones que comprometan el estado nutricional. Los tipos de soporte nutricional son la dieta oral, suplementación nutricional y nutrición artificial. La alimentación saludable aporta a cada individuo todos los alimentos necesarios para cubrir sus necesidades nutricionales, en las diferentes etapas de la vida.Conclusiones: La terapia nutricional aplicada al paciente oncológico consiste en corregir, tratar o prevenir los desequilibrios/carencias nutricionales con macronutrientes y micronutrientes, administrando fluidos, electrolitos y/o aplicando la nutrición parenteral o enteral, con el objetivo de mejorar el estado nutricional y la calidad de vida de los pacientes malnutridos o con riesgo de desnutrición.

Introducción: la analgesia por acupuntura produce una estimulación mecánica o eléctrica en diferentes puntos del cuerpo, provocando un aumento del umbral del dolor y ayuda al paciente a soportar diversos tipos de intervención quirúrgica.Objetivo: evaluar la aplicación de analgesia acupuntural en cirugía inguino genital urológica en el Hospital Pediátrico Provincial Docente Pepe Portilla.Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal de 260 pacientes operados con analgesia acupuntural entre 2011 y 2017. Los datos se obtuvieron a partir de las historias clínicas de los pacientes. Las variables (edad, sexo, área quirúrgica, eficacia del tratamiento, complicaciones, recuperación anestésica, tiempo de uso de analgésicos y gasto económico) se analizaron mediante estadística descriptiva.Resultados: predominó el sexo masculino (78,1 %) y las edades comprendidas entre 13 – 18 años. La región inguinal fue el área más intervenida (76,1 %). El 93,9 % de los pacientes presentó buena respuesta al tratamiento, el 2,7 % mostró respuesta regular en cirugía genital y el 3,4 % respuesta mala en cirugía inguinal. Solo 19 pacientes (7,3 %) presentaron algún tipo de complicación, siendo el dolor la más frecuente (10 casos). La recuperación anestésica fue favorable en 241 pacientes (92,7 %). El valor de los recursos materiales usados representa $0,99 por cada cirugía, lo cual asciende al monto de $257,4 en las 260 intervenciones realizadas.Conclusiones: El uso de analgesia acupuntural en cirugía uropediátrica presentó buena respuesta al tratamiento, aparición escasa de complicaciones, recuperación anestésica favorable y amplio valor científico y socioeconómico.

Introduction: tuberculosis is a common problem all over the world, mainly in developing countries, where poverty, ignorance, overpopulation, poor sanitary conditions and malnutrition prevail. Approximately 1 to 3% of the total cases of tuberculosis are extra pulmonary; out of these 11 to 16% belongs to abdominal tuberculosis. Intestinal tuberculosis is the sixth form in frequency that is reported. Case Report: a 34-year-old male patient with no history of respiratory disease who suffered from recurrent abdominal pain some days before his admission, and accompanied by frequent fetid vomiting, with marked abdominal distension is presented. Physical examination revealed a thin, pale, malnourished patient with a very poor hygienic condition. The patient presented a distended, hyper tympanic and diffusely painful abdomen. Normal vital signs, except for the temperature that remained between 37 and 37.5 ° C. BP: 90/60, CR: 100 / min. The rest of the exam was negative. In the essential examinations that were possible to perform in the environment where he was, 10 g / l of hemoglobin (anemia) and accelerated erythrocyte sedimentation was found along with a chest X-ray without alterations. An intestinal occlusion was diagnosed due to enteral and peritoneal tuberculosis that was operated on and treated with anti-tuberculosis drugs, being discharged from the hospital. Conclusion: before a patient with an intestinal occlusion without probable etiology, intestinal tuberculosis should be considered even though there is no history of previous pulmonary involvement. Two clinical forms of the entity and an infrequent form of onset are shown and which is main interest of this case report.    

Propionic acidemia, although rare, is one of the most frequent metabolic errors, one case per 100,000 live births. It has an autosomal recessive inheritance. A case with a diagnosis of propionic acidemia is presented. A review of 12 bibliographic citations was made in Pubmed database, OMIM, which was based on the clinical, biochemical and genetic characteristics of the entity. To make the diagnosis, clinical manifestations, age of presentation and results of complementary examinations were taken into account. The clinical manifestations of this severe neonatal form present in this case were described, with expression in the first week of life, given by: respiratory distress, electrolyte imbalance, metabolic acidosis with elevated anion gap, ketonuria and specific biochemical studies suggesting organic aciduria, specifically propionic.

Introduction: spinal muscular atrophy consists of a degeneration of the anterior antlers of the spinal cord from hereditary causes with Mendelian autosomal recessive pattern leading to progressive muscle weakness of very bad prognosis. Severe prenatal expression produces a diminution in fetal movements and generates multiple joint contractures. Objectives: to present the clinical-genetic characteristics of a patient with multiple arthrogryposis secondary to spinal muscular atrophy. Method: an observational, descriptive, case report type study was carried out. The prenatal, perinatal and postnatal history of the patient was described. The information was obtained through a detailed review of the genetic history and was submitted with a prior informed consent of the relatives. Results: prenatal history of pregnancy at risk by advanced maternal age and an adenocarcinoma of the right ovary which was excised in the third trimester. Preterm birth by Caesarean section presented low Apgar due to respiratory distress. Generalized muscular hypotonia is observed, absence of osteotendinous reflexes, deformities in all of the four limbs, contractures at the level of large joints. Its unfavorable evolution motivated the performance of molecular study for spinal muscular atrophy which was positive for deletion of exon 7 of the SMN1 gene. Conclusions: arthrogryposis, as a multifactorial condition, can be as a result of environmental phenomena of prenatal origin and genetic neuromuscular diseases. The severity of this case stands in the mixed component of its etiology.   

Introduction: in accordance with the need of educating in the diversity, the program “Educate your Child” is an effective way to develop different actions in the settings of community and family, providing and adequate care for autistic children. Objective: to train the promoters of the program "Educate your Child" to care autistic children. Method: a pedagogical study was carried out where theoretical and empirical methods were used to train 15 promoters of the program "Educate your Child", Pinar del Río municipality, and a sample of 15 children with warning signs of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), who were assisted by the professors involved in the study from 2014 to 2017. Results: theoretical positions regarding training, strategy and upgrading are declared. Insufficiencies and needs of the promoters of the program "Educate your Child" to care autistic children were determined; recommending a training course, workshops, scientific discussion, presentation of demonstrative activities and self-upgrading. The subjects were evaluated as relevant by the experts. Conclusions: a strategy for the training of the promoters of the program "Educate your Child” was developed, making possible their training for the care of autistic children. It is structured by a system of actions in short, medium and long term in order to achieve a comprehensive care of these children, a work supported on an efficient guide to the family and the community, providing a better professional performance.  

Introduction: the diagnosis and treatment of retained parts is necessary in order to avoid later complications. The orthodontic traction after the surgical exposure of the retained tooth can be unique or proposed as the first part of a more complex treatment according to the needs of each patient. Case report: a 13-year-old female patient who attended Guama Orthodontics Clinic of Pinar del Río Municipality is presented; the patient was concerned as she has not changed her "canine" canines. The clinical examination shows absence of right and left canines with slight crowding in both arches, lower dental midline deviated to the left, class I molar on both sides and canine class not assessed on both sides. Orthodontic-surgical therapeutic modality was chosen, following a successfully tracing of the upper right and left canines with 0.11 mm metal ligature and bringing them to their proper position within the maxillary arch; using this approach, it was possible to keep class I molar and achieve canine neutroclusion on both sides, improving the shape of arches, adequate horizontal and vertical overbite.Conclusions: it is essential to know the location of retained canines and the included before their surgical exposure. At the end of the treatment, favorable changes were obtained by tractioning the upper right and left canine. The complete fixed apparatus, together with the surgical approach performed for the traction of the retained canines, ensures an effective control system.