Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

This work presents an updated taxonomic list of the fish fauna of the coral reefs in the Southeastern Reefs Marine Sanctuary (SMASE) in the Dominican Republic. The inventory is the result of 360 visual surveys of coral reefs during the period 2013-2016. We recorded 150 species from 86 genera and 47 families, including 14 new records for the southeast coastline of the Dominican Republic. The families of fishes with the highest species number comprised Serranidae (16 species), Haemulidae (12 species) and Pomacentridae (10 species).

Con base en exploraciones botánicas, revisión de literatura especializada y de ejemplares de herbario (ENCB, GUADA, IBUG, IEB, MEXU, MO, XAL y ZEA), se registran 5 especies de Combretum en el occidente de México(1 y 4 pertenecientes a los subgéneros Cacoucia y Combretum, respectivamente). Una especie (C. igneiflorum) es endémica del país. La descripción de las especies incluye los sinónimos de uso frecuente en México, distribución geográfica, nombres comunes, usos y fenología. También se presenta una clave para la determinación de las especies y fotografías de las mismas. Con base en distintos caracteres vegetativos y reproductivos, que incluyen la fenología de su floración, C. farinosum y C. fruticosum son consideradas como especies distintas. Se recomienda implementar medidas que aseguren la conservación de las especies en el área de estudio, principalmente para C. igneiflorum.

One of the major constraints for the production of pepper are pathogenic fungi causing diseases known as "pepper blight" or "damping off". This disease can be devastating when weather conditions are favorable for the pathogen. Although different means of control (chemical and cultural) have benn used but none has been successful. An alternative to control is to produce resistant germplasm, however in order to establish an effective breeding program is necessary to know the distribution and genetic diversity of the pathogens involved, particularly Rhizoctonia solani, which by its ubiquity represents a potential danger in all producing areas. Thus, the objective was to characterize R. solani in North Central area from Mexico and determine its genetic diversity. To achieve with this goal are considered the states of Chihuahua, Durango, Zacatecas, San Luis Potosi, Colima, Queretaro and Guanajuato where in 2009 were collected adult plants of pepper with pepper blight symptoms, the fungus was isolated and found an incidence of 33%, finding it in both stem and root. Mycelial cells were multinucleated, a characteristic from pathogenic strains. The anastomosis testing showed that in Mexico are present the groups GA4, GA-2.1, GA-IIB, GA-2IV, GA7, GA11, GA12 and GA13. The genetic diversity of this fungus was very high, so that the relationships demonstrated by the construction of dendrogram show no homogeneous trends so as the main groups formed contain elements of all states.

Planting date studies are important to help understand adaptation, behavior and plasticity of new plant materials in a given environment, under different management conditions and pressure of abiotic and biotic factors. During the spring-summer 2009-2009 was evaluated the agronomic behavior, phenology and response to whitefly of 12 soybean genotypes on three sowing dates in northern Sinaloa, Mexico. Treatments included six soybean varieties not evaluated in the region: AG 5605, AG 5903, AG 5905, AG 6301, AG 6702 and DB 6451; three commercial varieties Cajeme, Hector (Nainari) and Balbuena S-94; the variety Hutcheson highly preferred by white fly and two advanced lines from the National Research Institute for Forestry, Agriculture and Livestock candidates to new soybean varieties for the Northwest of Mexico: Cu04-139 and Cu04-238. The best genotype combinations by planting date in relation to grain yield were: CU04-139 with 2 496.1 and 2 442.9 kg ha-1  in the first and second planting date, Balbuena S-94; AG 6702 and AG 6301 with 2 360.8; 2 261.3 and 2 247.5 kg ha-1 in the first, third and second planting date respectively. The most preferred genotypes by adults and pupa of whitef ly are Hutcheson, DB 6451, AG 5905 and AG 6301. In contrast the less preferred varieties and less infested were Hector, CU04-238, S-94, Cajeme and AG 5903. The third planting date showed the greatest abundance of whitef lies.

The defensin gene from Arabidopsis thaliana is an antimicrobial peptide that provides protection to a wide array of pathogens. Transgenic common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) plants of cv. Flor de Mayo Anita constitutively expressing the defensin pdf1.2 gene were generated by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation via hypocotyls direct organogenic regeneration. The pdf1.2 gene under the control of promoter CaMV-35S was expressed in transformed common bean plants challenged with Colletotrichum lindemuthianum. The observed response was a significant reduction in the formation of lesions and spore mass proliferation in T0, T1 and T3 lines as compared to non-transformed plants. Twenty- seven T3 common bean transgenic plants from 5 independent lines expressing pdf1.2 gene showed resistance to C. lindemuthianum races 448 and 1472 compared to non-transformed plants. Analysis of the level of pdf1.2 gene expression by Q-PCR indicated that all plants considered resistant or tolerant had similar levels of transcriptional expression as opposed to susceptible plants, which did not have detectable levels of gene expression.

The objectives of this study were 1) to determine the agronomic potential of hybrid and synthetic varieties of blue corn through the silking period, lodging resistance, production of cobs per plant and yield; and 2) to determine yield stability of hybrids and synthetic varieties and select stable genotypes and best response to environments of rainfed limited and rainfed with irrigation. 14 trilinear hybrids were evaluated, 10 synthetic varieties and a landrace from the region. The experimental design was randomized complete block with three replications. The experiment was established in the state of Tlaxcala, in the localities of Benito Juárez and Tlacualpan under rainfed conditions and in Huamantla and Calpulalpan under rainfed with two irrigations. The combined analysis of variance detected differences (p≤ 0.001) between localities and hybrids for days to silking, lodging, cobs per plant and yield in genotype x environment interaction for yield. Among localities yield varied from 7.8 to 10.6 t ha-1, and among hybrids from 7.2 to 10.2. The analysis of genotype x environment interaction allowed to detect the hybrid HA-911 as a stable cultivar with yields of 10.4 t ha-1, for hybrids HA-912 and HA-913 as cultivars that interacted with the best irrigated environment and showed yields of 12.2 and 11.8 t ha-1, respectively, and synthetic varieties VSA-902 and VSA -904 as varieties that interacted with localities of limited rainfed and had limited yields of 9.5 and 9.4 t ha-1, respectively.

In vitro rooting of seedlings is one of the most important steps in the process of micropropagation and in C. Papaya has been one of the major limiting, having survival percentages below 50%. The present research was conducted in the laboratory of Biotechnology of the University of Colima in 2009. In order to induce an efficient root system, evaluated papaya shoots var. "Maradol" of approximately 3 cm length, inoculated with A. rhizogenes at concentrations of 1x107, 1x108 and 1x109 cells ml-1 and established on MS medium with acetosyringone (100 mM) and phloroglucinol (25 mg / L). For the experiment with auxin shoots were subcultured in MS liquid medium containing 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 μM IBA; incubated in the dark for 126 h, followed by subculture in substrate BM2 + MS mineral salts. None of the inoculated shoots with bacterial concentrations formed roots; in contrast, 100% of the treated shoots with IBA to a concentration of 3 μM formed roots. With the above demonstrates that seedlings of C. papaya may not be susceptible to strain A4 A. rhizogenes, while the use of IBA proved to be the most viable and effective option for in vitro root induction in shoots of papaya.

The oat crop has great importance in Mexico, as it has increased its area planted in the last 15 years. In years with rainfed delay or long periods of drought, has promoted the planting of this cereal in extensive disaster areas, however, the seed supply is insufficient and its demand is so high, that promotes the trade of dubious quality seed. In Mexico there is still no technology for proper agronomic management to the production thereof. So the objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of planting date and density on yield, physical and physiological quality of the seed of four varieties, grown under irrigation in the Bajío Guanajuato, for which was used a split plot design. Planting dates were crucial for the expression of yield and physical quality of seed; however did not affect the physiological characteristics, the late date (December 31) gave the highest yield, however environmental conditions thereof adversely inf luenced volumetric weight. In seed density of 90 kg seed ha-1 obtained a good yield, volumetric weight and thousand kernel weight. The genetic constitution (varieties) showed the greatest differential response among the factors studied, besides being crucial in the expression of physiological seed quality (germination percentage, length of plumule and seedling dry weight). The variety Obsidian was the best in yield and seed quality.

Aphids represent pests that attack countless crops and are able to stay on weeds, being these excellent hosts. Its importance lies in being one of the main vectors of virus and few give importance to study their taxonomy. In the state of Coahuila there in no information about the diversity of aphids, despite the importance they represent to the state's agricultural crops. In the present study were made weekly collections for a year from August 2009 to August 2010, in the southeast of Coahuila on weeds and crops in the region. The material was collected from the above ground parts, stems, roots, f lowers depending of the location. The material was processed in the taxonomy laboratory from UAAAN for further taxonomic analysis. Were determined 21 genera and 27 species, the dominant species was Macrosiphium euphorbiae in a wide range of crop and weed hosts, followed by Aphis spiraecola; both of agricultural importance for transmitting viruses to crops. These species were collected from 22 species of host plants. The family Asteraceae represented the main host, a total of 27 species of aphids, 11 were collected from hosts of this family. Following in order of importance the families Poaceae, Apiaceae, Cruciferae, Roseaceae, Polygonaceae, Solanaceae being these the most representative.

The new rurality as concept has been used in many ways, in academia some authors uses it to describe and categorize a different situation to conceive and operationalize the development towards rural population. In the political line, the new rurality has as premise that programs and actions of development favor social groups and also of beneficiaries historically benefited with the development actions. On the legal front, the new rurality emerged as an emerging concept to define and formalize decentralization of institutional activities towards the field, and the announcement of the collaboration, integration and operationalization of institutional activities with actors that from their perspective channeled actions to rural development. Hence the concept of new rurality has become popular from the recognition of the state that in rural there are not just agricultural activities developed for grown men and that not only he is the promoter of development.