Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

The municipality of Santa María Huatulco, in the state of Oaxaca, Mexico, has been the scene of different historical-territorial processes, capable of being analyzed by changes in land use and land covers. Contextually, we establish four periods in which we recognize significant transformations in the organization of the territory: a) 1960-1969, land tenure conflicts; (b) 1970-1979, insertion into the national economic model; c) 1980-1995, changes oriented towards tourist activity; and d) 1995-2020, conservation tourism and sustainable development. To visualize the changes spatially, we elaborate time-specific mapping. Methodologically, we conducted file research in the Registro Agrario Nacional and in the Diario Oficial de la Federación. Historical statistical data on population and economic activities were processed. For mapping, maps were developed using the hybrid method, which combines satellite images and photographs areas. The data was verified using fieldwork. The research allowed to identify geographical changes in Huatulco in close relation to territorial policies and the ways in which, locally, the are reacted to and according to their different historical moments.

  This article describes the process of constitution of Aymara property in the Chilean highlands of the current regions of Arica and Parinacota and Tarapacá, since the annexation of this territory to Chile until present day. The most important characteristics presented by the registration of the properties shepherds of this area in the country´s legal system and the main legal and cultural consequences derived from this process are addressed, concerning the obsolescence of the original titles of ownership, conflicts by boundaries between neighbors, the final delimitation of territorial occupation space, the closure of land communities, the possibility of subdivision of the property, the corporatization of lineages around access to land supported by patrilineal filiation and patrilocal residence and the position of women in the system.

En este artículo se examinan los repertorios étnicos que permiten aproximarnos al análisis de los componentes geográfico-culturales y etnohistóricos localizados en el paisaje altiplánico del área de Guallatire, como parte de una compleja territorialidad local e indígena que desborda las cartografías y las perspectivas externas.

El siguiente texto aborda la problemática actual en las unidades de riegos en el municipio de Texcoco en que debido a la expansión urbana, existe el traspaso del aprovechamiento agrícola del agua al público-doméstico urbano. No obstante, persisten las unidades de riego. Se considera que una de las razones es la relevancia histórica-cultura del paisaje del sistema de irrigación para los usuarios, quienes protegen su continuidad. Se utilizó una metodología cualitativa para realizar la investigación. Se dividió en la búsqueda hemerográfica para entender el creciente fenómeno de expansión urbana en el municipio, así como en la búsqueda de fuentes documentales históricas y de entrevistas semi estructuradas para analizar la relevancia histórica-cultural del paisaje de la infraestructura de las unidades de riego. Se partió del estudio de caso de la Unidad de Riego del Río Coxcacuaco, el sistema de riego más importante del municipio, para mostrar las diferentes fases históricas del paisaje, las cuales cobran sentido identitario para los usuarios que realizan actividades para fortalecer su valor cultural y garantizar su continuidad.  

El trabajo refiere a la región minera de Atacama. Se presenta la relación entre industria extractiva y comunidades, registrando las percepciones que se poseen localmente en los principales puntos de concentración urbana sobre las fuentes contaminantes, su impacto en términos territoriales y en el espacio social, dentro de condiciones de riesgo y vulnerabilidad generadas por faenas y depósitos de relave, agudizadas por el cambio climático. A partir estos antecedentes, se pone en tensión la vida localizada con la circulación de saberes, recogiendo analíticamente las fuentes de enunciación discursiva.

This article aims to analyse part of the training process of the officers of the Argentine Navy during the first decades of the twentieth century, taking the case of the midshipmen candidates of the Escuela Naval Militar (Naval Military School) while they were on their training voyage aboard the training ship frigate Presidente Sarmiento. For this purpose, memoirs and navigation accounts, written by crew members of different rank and status, and some articles from magazines and bulletins of the time, were consulted. During the training voyage, the cadets and aspirants, hitherto young and inexperienced, became seamen, acquiring skills and aptitudes and overcoming a series of practices, rites and tests. By identifying and understanding the characteristics of this process, it will be possible to observe the behaviour that the Argentine Navy expected of its youngest commanders and understand some of the identity attributes that defined the naval officer.

This article studies the biography produced in the Venezuelan XIX century, trying to establish an approach to its general characteristics and its production during that century; this objective, based on the evaluation of some balances, bibliographic repertories and inventories and a search in different national libraries, archives, repositories and newspaper archives, allowed to relate approximately one hundred and sixty elaborations of this type, published over two stages: one between the decades of 1850 and 1860 and another, marked by the predominance of the liberal political current, between 1870 and 1899. From the nineteenth-century Venezuelan biography, after its analysis as a set in which there is variety observed in terms of purposes, scope, editorial preparation, historical criteria, narrative style, contextual examination, extension, use and treatment of sources; can be highlighted, among its general characteristics, the epic and heroic charge related to expressions of providentialism, the commendable sign, the archetypal factory with moralizing purposes, the spacious political content, the propaganda utility at the service of power and the apology to the leader.

Review of: Hilda, Sábato, Repúblicas del Nuevo Mundo: el experimento político latinoamericano del siglo XIX,Buenos Aires, Taurus, 2021, 238 pp. ISBN: 9789877370584

The purpose of this article is to argue that Mexico’s involvement in the Universal Exhibitions and World Fairs of the nineteenth century can be considered as the immediate background of what would be called cultural diplomacy in the twentieth century. The evidence found is that Mexico started a tradition that will remain nowadays. The influence of history, as well as the richness and diversity of its artistic and cultural production were their “letters of credence” that allows the country to be appreciated and recognized internationally. Based on testimonies from those who witnessed and attend the exhibitions, as well as official documents and papers of that period, the features of these exhibitions were exposed. To this end, this paper analyzes Mexico’s involvement in three of the most important exhibitions of nineteenth century: 1851, 1889 and 1900. This selection allows to compare different contexts and at the same time contributes to observe Mexican political narrative evolution. This article aims to show that the Universal Exhibitions were an opportunity for Mexico to be known and to promote an idea of a country that was aligned with the canons of that century: progress, civility and peace.

Review of: Daniel, Santilli (Comp.), Niveles de vida en un país en ciernes. Dimensiones de la desigualdad en la Argentina en el largo plazo, 1700-1900, Buenos Aires, Prometeo, 2020, 276 pp. ISBN: 978-987-8337-63-8