Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Purpose: The aim of the study was to measure work commitment in a sample of Mexican workers, working remotely due to the SARS-COV-2 confinement, in order to observe if psychological capital as well as resources for remote work can have an influence on the level of commitment they exhibit.   Methodological design: A non-experimental, cross-sectional design was used, applying a set of scales to a non-probabilistic sample of 404 workers (57.2% women, 42.8% men; with an average age of 35.82 years). Work commitment was evaluated using the UWES-9 scale, translated and adapted by Villa et al. (2019); psychological capital was assessed with the PCQ-12 scale, translated and adapted by Santana-Cárdenas et al. (2018), and a list of resources for remote work was created.  Results: A structural equation model was proposed showing a mediation effect of psychological capital between resources and commitment; additionally, we observed that the level of engagement shown did not appear different to studies conducted prior to the pandemic.  Research limitations: The measurement model did not match the original structure of the scales, hence, further studies are suggested to explore the relevance of their use.   Findings: The results highlight the importance of proper adaptation to remote work that enhances workers’ psychological capital and contributes to maintaining their work commitment.

Purpose: Define the participating countries role in the world honey trade structure, based on access capacities to the global market as suppliers, consumers and/or re-exporters. Methodological design: The analysis is supported by a cross-sectional quantitative research design and descriptive scope. A block modeling exercise was carried out to identify groups with similar behavior, in a context of exchange relations (center-periphery), between dominant actors in the chain and others that gravitate around the central nucleus. Binary data were used: 1 represents connection or access to the market and 0 the absence of exchange. Results: Block modeling is confirmed as an analytical tool of the role of each competing country in a context of center-periphery relations, in which central positions emerge (market power, governance), with respect to the rest of the chain's agents. As a result of the modeling, it was possible to group the countries into three blocks: central axis; main exporters; secondary markets.                        Findings: The research provides a synthesis of global honey trade strategies: exports from the main exporters to secondary markets; exports from main exporters to the central hub; exports from the central hub to secondary markets; exports to and from the central hub. Research Limitations: Binarization of data represents loss of information however, it does not prevent us from analyzing the configuration of the global honey market.

Purpose: This contribution has two objectives: 1) to define in context, how the word téchnē and technology are linked to the Nahuatl notion in context; and 2) to characterize pre-hispanic environmental technologies in order to subjectively and materially project the practical utility of ancestral environmental technologies, precisely because they are capable of halting and even reversing the socio-environmental consequences derived from the current climate and ecosystem crisis. Methodological design: From a historical-material perspective, an exploratory study of non-exhaustive and ontological-semantic nature is presented, whose strategy articulated and differentiated the Aristotelian etymon téchnē with the oldest one found in classical Nahuatl language. Previous criterion to characterize pre-Hispanic environmental technology and discuss its specific examples. Results: The way in which Mesoamerican technologies were organized and implemented demonstrates that they achieved what is currently sought through sustainabilty over 2,000 years ago. The concept and characteristics defining and differentiating pre-Hispanic Nahuatl technology from the current techno-scientific-industrial paradigm were provided. Toltecáyotl-amantecáyotl accounts for a productive and organizational system, sentient and alive, which guides the design of truly ecological new technologies. Among others, maize-milpa-chinampa technologies persist and are multidimensionally rewarding. Research limitations: Currently, the complete number of technologies developed, their typology, and their locations are unknown. In Mexico, the disintegration of rural areas is accompanied by a loss of language, knowledge, and objects, which raises the difficulty of accessing ancestral technical-scientific memory. Findings: Pre-hispanic technology is ecological, but not all current environmental and sustainable technologies are.

Purpose: Determine how the use of Open Educational Resources (OER), constructed under the perspective of Socioformation, is related with the main components of Cooperative Learning (CL), used by some Monterrey students in their first year of high school during post-pandemic times. The investigation was carried out from August 2021 to November 2022 with the intention of contributing to possible educational interventions based on social psychology. Methodological design: A quantitative methodological approach with a descriptive scope was used, following a quasi-experimental research design. 96 first-year high school students from a private high school located in Nuevo Leon, Mexico participated in the investigation. The Cooperative Learning Questionnaire (CAC) designed by Fernández-Río, et al. (2017) was used as an instrument for the study. The processing of information was carried out with the software JASP, using the Wilcoxon range test. Results: Indicated that all the CL components had a statistically significant increase after the project’s implementation, reason why the relationship between them and the use of OERs can be confirmed. Research limitations: The main limitations were the size of the sample concerning representativeness and the time available for the researchers to develop and carry out the analysis of results during and after the investigation. Findings: The results are a reference for those interested in learning about the application of CL in learning environments that use the principles of social psychology. It is concluded that it is necessary to continue delving into how the co-creation of knowledge occurs guided by inclusion, communication, and technology.  

Resumen Objetivo: analizar si entre los estudiantes de educación superior existe un impacto relevante en la intención emprendedora que sea atribuible a la diferencia de género, aplicando el modelo de la Teoría de la Conducta Planificada modificado por Vamvaka et al. (2020). Diseño metodológico: se tomó una muestra a un grupo de estudiantes de la Facultad de Contaduría Pública (FCP) de la Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), con estos datos se realizó un análisis descriptivo que se complementó con una prueba de hipótesis para muestras apareadas. Resultados: a nivel descriptivo, el promedio de los estudiantes fue superior al  promedio de las estudiantes en cada una de las variables del modelo de Vamvaka et al. (2020). Sin embargo, las pruebas de hipótesis arrojaron que únicamente en la variable control conductual percibido, se encontró evidencia estadística significativa para suponer que los promedios de los estudiantes varones son superiores a los promedios de las estudiantes mujeres. Limitaciones: el tamaño de la muestra de 70 estudiantes; sólo se incluyeron estudiantes de las licenciaturas que se ofertan en la FCP de la BUAP. Hallazgos: la diferencia de género únicamente resultó relevante en el control conductual percibido y no tuvo un efecto significativo en la actitud y en la intención emprendedora. Los puntajes mayores y menores tanto de las estudiantes como de los estudiantes se obtuvieron para la variable actitud y la variable intención respectivamente, lo que permite suponer que existe una percepción agradable y optimista por la actividad emprendedora, pero escaso interés y compromiso con su ejecución.

Purpose: To analyze and document the case of the Alliance to Promote the Development of Digital Capacities in Mexico as a space that promotes the linkage and transfer of knowledge supporting the development of technological capacities in Artificial Intelligence. Methodological Design: The article is built under the assumption that Artificial Intelligence can be a tool which supports convergent science, if the adoption and transfer process is modeled based on a socially meaningful construction; for those who develop it, especially for those who will be its final users. Results: A case is presented which shows how the strategies followed by the different institutional actors that conform the Alliance promote the design of applications linked to Artificial Intelligence, such as data and image analysis, using servers, training, and certifications. Research Limitations: This is a single case study; therefore, it would be worthwhile to comparatively analyze how these types of alliances behave in other locations. Findings: The way in which references, and knowledge are woven to build an alliance whose purpose is to develop and transfer Artificial Intelligence technology from the perspective of convergent science is shown. Among the findings is documenting a triple transfer process where linkage plays an important role that has allowed different institutional actors to build bridges that have facilitated interaction with others. The way in which the research groups have acquired tools to transfer the results of their projects to vulnerable groups is also documented.  

Purpose: To describe, through the case of a Mexican public university, how university education in entrepreneurship affects the entrepreneurial mindset (EM) of students.Methodological design: The case study method is used, being the object of study the university level students of the Business Administration and Advertising degrees who studied the subject of Creation and Business Development. Results: The students observe a relationship between education and entrepreneurship mentality which indicates an understanding of this construct derived from university education and the change of mentality towards entrepreneurial activities. Research limitations: The nature of the case study whose findings may vary from one context to another. Findings: The beginning of an entrepreneurial mentality formation is evidenced from the knowledge acquired in class. The need for students to have a more comprehensive training, aimed at influencing the medium and long term formation of entrepreneurial behaviors, either under their own business project or as part of an organization, is concluded

Purpose: To determine the influence of drought on the levels of coffee productivity, and to identify the perceptions of coffee growers in Huasteca Potosina. Methodological design: The Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) was determined for 12 months with data from five pluviometric stations located in the coffee growing area within Huasteca Potosina for the period 1961-2018. It was compared with the seasonal behavior of the sown area, the harvested area, and the volume of production for the period 1985-2020. The annual precipitation from those five pluviometric stations was correlated with the sown area and production by determining the Pearson correlation coefficient (r). Additionally, 25 structured interviews were applied to coffee growers. Results: Slightly dry seasons have an influence over the harvested area as well as on the volume of production, with values close to the average value. The values of r of Pearson show a very low correlation between rainfall precipitation and the volume of production. 60% of the interviewees point out that climate variability has an impact on coffee production. Research limitations: Determination of the standardized precipitation index with which dry and wet periods are estimated only considers the values of rainfall measured at each meteorological station. Findings: The comparison of the standardized precipitation index with the annual behavior of the harvested area and the volume of coffee production show that rainfall is relevant in coffee production which coincides with the perception of coffee producers.

Purpose: To design a participatory prospective process based on SSP scenarios to estimate the future vulnerability to climate change in a coastal territory taking San Blas, Nayarit, a rural area with tourist activity on the Mexican Pacific, as a case study.  Methodological design: Based on the principles of territorial prospective, the method consisted of two sections: The development of a prospective diagnosis where a model is presented to analyze historical, current, and trend-based territorial vulnerability and the design of a participatory prospective process, which included the selection of key actors, spatial-temporal delimitation, scenario selection, and dynamics of the prospective workshop.  Results: According to the diagnosis, the vulnerability of the area increased from a low to medium level between 2000 and 2019, and it is projected to increase to a medium-high level in 2038. The most vulnerable areas were those covered by estuarine and mangrove ecosystems. Regarding the participatory prospective methodology, a guide in the form of a workbook is presented detailing the dynamics to conduct the workshop, addressing three SSP scenarios.  Research limitations: The main limitation was the scarcity of local-level information to analyze each of the vulnerability components in the prospective diagnosis. The application of the proposed methodology for the prospective workshop and its results will be subject to analysis in a second phase of the research.  Findings: Ecotourism-oriented tourist activity can serve as the vehicle to drive the proposal and implementation of adaptation strategies to reduce vulnerability to climate change.

Objective: This article aims to analyze the corporate social responsibility and innovation initiatives of five Multinational Companies (MNCs) established in Mexico. Methodology: The methodology employed involved field visits in 2021 and 2022 to the areas where these MNCs implemented their projects, as well as the compilation of secondary sources. In addition, 21 qualitative interviews were conducted with individuals responsible for these initiatives, stakeholders, and beneficiaries. The data were systematized with Atlas.ti through the creation of codes and indexes to analyze the practices that distinguish corporate social responsibility from social innovation, the scaling processes, and their proximity conditions. Results: Results suggest that three initiatives fall under corporate social responsibility since they are not aligned with the MNCs business model, while one initiative fully falls within the scope of social innovation due to direct alignment; another one exhibits indirect alignment. Limitations: A limitation of the study is that only 5 MNCs were examined over a two year period, thus lacking a longitudinal approach that would allow corroborating the processes of evolution regarding social responsibility and innovation. Findings: The main finding is that corporate social innovation does not necessarily entail direct alignment with the MNC’s business model; It can also be indirect. Further, a responsibility initiative could evolve into social innovation.