Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Al investigar sobre la revolución mitrista de 1874 y seguir la pista en torno de las distintas fuentes y testimonios existentes acerca de aquella protesta armada, se destaca una extensa obra firmada por uno de sus protagonistas, Florencio Del Mármol, en 1876. La misma está compuesta por una crónica de los sucesos que viene acompañada de una amplia compilación de documentos. Este artículo es un extracto de la investigación que examina dicho material y procura comprender el trasfondo político, social y cultural en el cual se produjo aquel texto que aborda los eventos revolucionarios de 1874. A través del acercamiento historiográfico intentamos comprender al autor y su obra.

Mientras la historia de la filosofía se centró en el estudio de libros, las preguntas de la historia intelectual ampliaron su mirada a otro tipo de documentos, como publicaciones periódicas, correspondencia y papeles personales. Dentro de estas preguntas, el estudio en perspectiva teórica, histórica y material de los bienes archivísticos y bibliográficos cobra otra relevancia. Las páginas siguientes contribuyen a la puesta en valor y visibilización de los fondos personales para la historia intelectual de la filosofía en Argentina. Con el fin de promover su conservación y análisis, el objetivo consiste en (i) proveer una guía inicial que brinde información sobre las condiciones de conservación y acceso de las colecciones y fondos de quienes se dedicaron a la filosofía en el país; y (ii) proveer una serie de reflexiones metodológicas sobre su utilización en la historiografía filosófica.

Realidad Económica comenzó a editarse en 1970, y desde sus inicios estuvo abocada a la difusión y debates sobre aspectos económicos, sociales y políticos, desde una visión crítica de las ciencias sociales y con pretensiones de incidir en tópicos nacionales y latinoamericanos. El trabajo pretende abordar los primeros veintiséis números de Realidad Económica (desde 1970 hasta 1976) y anclar las ideas allí expresadas frente a los problemas y las alternativas de las políticas energéticas. En ese sentido, recuperamos las intervenciones realizadas por profesionales, expertos y técnicos desde la revista Realidad Económica sobre la cuestión petrolera en particular y energética en general en la última etapa de la dictadura iniciada en 1966, la agitación política por la vuelta al país de Juan Perón, el gobierno de Cámpora y el tercer gobierno peronista. 

Se evaluó el comportamiento del cultivo de aguacate (Persea americana Mill) en “fincas tipo” en el departamento de Moquegua, Perú. Una “finca tipo” es representativa de un grupo de fincas con características socioeconómicas y productivas similares. Se seleccionó aleatoriamente una “finca tipo” con aguacate, entre 6 y 10 años de edad, por cada grupo de fincas, según los resultados del análisis de conglomerados de la caracterización de las fincas productoras del cultivo de aguacate en el departamento de Moquegua realizado por Bedoya y Julca (2020), reportando cinco “fincas tipo” (I, II, III, IV y V); donde se marcaron, en cada una al azar 50 plantas. Se hizo un seguimiento durante una temporada y se evaluó las características físicas y químicas del suelo, presencia de enfermedades, calibre de frutos y el rendimiento. Se determinó que el rendimiento más alto de aguacate fue en la “finca tipo” II con la variedad Hass (8.1 t/ha); con la variedad Fuerte el mayor rendimiento fue en la “finca tipo” V (4.8 t/ha). La variedad Hass tuvo mayor calibre de frutos y mayor incidencia de Lasiodiplodia theobromae; y, la variedad Fuerte tuvo menor calibre de frutos y mayor incidencia de Phytophthora cinnamomi. En general los suelos son pobres en materia orgánica (0.28-1.66%), con pH neutro y alta densidad aparente (>1.21g/cc).

The paper discusses the contributions that science has made to the understanding of manthroughout history and highlights its methodological limitations that prevent it fromaddressing exclusively human aspects. That aspect is the body, understood by science as aset of organs that respond to stimuli; however, this is not exhausted in the purely objective,but transcends it. In this sense, phenomenological postulates allow us to understand theexperience of the body in a different way. To this end, the proposals of the French philosopherMaurice Merleau-Ponty are analyzed. Finally, we reflect on the contributions of his thoughtto psychopathology.

The article analyzes the problem of transcendental ethics in Wittgenstein’s work, particularly in the Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus. According to Wittgenstein, the meaning of propositions lies in their relation to facts, that is, in their capacity to represent true or false logical configurations. Statements that do not correspond to facts are situated outside the world and the logical space. In this framework, aphorism 6.421 states that ethics is transcendental because it does not address any facts of the world. Moral and value judgments, not being rooted in logical space, cannot constitute propositions in the Wittgensteinian sense. However, this does not imply that they lack meaning (sinnlos). On the contrary, such judgments influence the configuration of the facts that constitute the subject. The aim of the article is, therefore, twofold: first, to identify the meaning of moral and value judgments, and second, to distinguish it from the meaning of propositions. It is argued that, although ethical judgments are not inscribed in the logical space, they possess a meaning of their own that cannot be reduced or dismissed as insignificant.

This article addresses the problem of the extension and development of the philosophical commitments of Juan de Matienzo in his reflection on the theory of value. The main objective is to establish the relationship between Matienzo’s thought and the organicist discourse of the colonial thinkers of the Viceroyalty of Peru, between the sixteenth and eighteenth centuries. The methodology used is discourse analysis, approached from a hermeneutic approach. The main finding of the research consists in identifying and recognizing the philosophical assumptions of the common good and the metaphor of society as a body in the characterization of the estimation of economic value, according to the indigentia, considering it vain and misguided in certain cases. The article concludes by highlighting the contribution of the thinker from Valladolid to the historical debate on the nature of political power in the Viceroyalty of Peru, as well as the need to undertake a comprehensive philosophical investigation of Juan de Matienzo’s thought.

The training of social science researchers requires an epistemological positioning, which implies activating philosophical knowledge that, on occasions, was not adequately addressed during undergraduate training. This requirement can cause the study of epistemology to be perceived as excessively abstract or lacking in practical relevance. In view of this perception, a methodological analysis was undertaken based on personal experience, delimiting both the normative dimension of the subject and its pedagogical justifications. Subsequently, in order to strengthen its historical understanding, the origin of epistemological thought in classical antiquity was reconstructed. The results show a close relationship between epistemological reflection and the development of transversal competencies. They also show how ancient epistemology tends towards a universalizing and deductive paradigm, the validity of which enters into crisis with the emergence of the social sciences in modernity. It is concluded that the study of ancient epistemology in graduate education is not only justified by its value in the construction of a critical self- understanding of the role of the researcher in the field of social sciences, but also by its contribution to the development of soft skills.

The concept of “infinite responsibility” is central to the ethics of Emmanuel Levinas. This expression synthesizes both his phenomenological intuitions and his theological tradition. Although it is recurrent in his work, the use of “infinite” poses challenges, both due to its metaphysical and scientific implications and its difficult comprehension in everyday language. This paper will analyze and problematize the Talmudic reading “The Damages Caused by Fire,” which paradigmatically illustrates the incommensurability of responsibility, a key element in Levinasian ethics. The justification for delving into a Talmudic reading may be susceptible to criticism for its religious character and, under a superficial reading, lack philosophical rigor; however, in Levinas’s philosophy, the biblical and religious tradition is so prevalent that it often merges with the philosophical, since, due to the very methodology of our author, the philosophical and, above all, the pre-philosophical (the foundation of the philosophical) do not have a definitive difference from the religious.

This research analyzes the Mexican proverb “A tree that grows crooked never straightens its trunk” from the personalist anthropological perspective of Karol Wojtyla. The objective is to evaluate its validity as a representation of personal experience. Through Wojtyla’s integral experience methodology, whose key stages are induction and reduction, the predestination- like meaning of the proverb is questioned in relation to the concepts of self-determination, self-possession, and self-mastery of the human being. The results reveal that the proverb does not constitute an essential core of meaning regarding the experience of personal freedom and, therefore, self-determination, despite its colloquial use. It is concluded that, although a person is born with certain possibilities and limitations, they retain the capacity for self-determination, freedom, and the ability to achieve fulfillment through fully personal and non-predestined actions.