Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Open Science has become a global movement promoting accessibility, transparency, and collaboration in research. It encompasses open access, open data, citizen science, and digital innovations, fostering inclusion and public participation, particularly in social and health sciences. This shift challenges traditional scientific models by emphasizing ethical integrity, research transparency, and knowledge co-creation. However, issues like authorship, funding, and scientific misconduct remain critical concerns. Open Science enhances research efficiency, democratizes knowledge, and strengthens institutional impact. This article aims to map current and future Open Science initiatives in global health, providing a systematic framework to support decision-making and scientific adaptation to this evolving landscape.

To compare the changes in the buccolingual inclination of the posterior teeth when forces are applied from mini-implants placed on the buccal side of the maxillary posterior teeth in both sagittal and vertical directions. Sixteen young patients requiring distal movement of the maxillary teeth with mini-implants and ten patients requiring intrusion of the posterior teeth with mini-implants were included in group 1(G1) and group 2(G2), respectively. In G1,200 grams of sagittal forces were applied bilaterally using NiTi coil springs from mini-implants placed between the maxillary second premolar and first permanent molar to attachments on a 0.018"X0.025" stainless steel wire in the anterior region. In G2,200 grams of vertical forces were applied bilaterally through an elastic thread from the mini-implants onto a 0.019"X0.025" stainless steel archwire. CBCT scans were taken before and towards the end of distalisation/intrusion. Paired t-tests and Independent t-tests were performed.  There was statistically significant buccal tipping of the maxillary second premolar in G2 (p-value of .008) accompanied by mild buccal tipping in G1. However, not statistically significant, mild buccal tipping of the maxillary second molar was observed in both groups. The maxillary first molar though not statistically significant demonstrated lingual tipping in G1 while no changes in buccolingual inclination were noted in G2. There was a clinically significant buccal tipping of maxillary second molar and second premolar in G1 and G2, lingual tipping of the maxillary first molar in G1. Significant changes were observed in the buccolingual inclination of the maxillary second premolars and second molars when forces were applied in the sagittal and vertical direction in the buccal direction. Lingual tipping of the maxillary first molar was noted in the sagittal direction. 

Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory condition marked by the destruction of the supporting apparatus of the tooth. The pathogenesis is largely determined by an imbalance between the pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory mediators. IL-23, being pro-inflammatory in nature, contributes to tissue inflammation and deregulation through the production of IL-17. On the other hand, IL-27 exerts an anti-inflammatory effect by regulating the immune response by inhibiting IL-17. The current study aimed to assess IL-23 and IL-27 levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and saliva in periodontal health and disease. Forty systemically healthy subjects were allocated into three groups: healthy (Group A, n=10), gingivitis (Group B, n=15), and periodontitis (Group C, n=15). Clinical parameters including probing depth (PD) and clinical attachment loss (CAL) were recorded. GCF and saliva samples were collected to quantify IL-23 and IL-27 levels which were analyzed using a multiplex ELISA (ProcartaPlex™ Human Th9/Th17/Th22 Cytokine Panel). The results were statistically analysed using SPSS software (version 21.0, IBM, USA). IL-23 levels in both GCF and saliva significantly increased from healthy to gingivitis to periodontitis (p < 0.05). Conversely, IL-27 levels decreased progressively across the same groups (p < 0.05). IL-23 levels showed a strong positive correlation with PD and CAL, while IL-27 levels were negatively correlated with these parameters, particularly in the periodontitis group. Elevated IL-23 levels are associated with greater disease severity, whereas IL-27 appears to exert a protective, anti-inflammatory effect. The study highlights the potential of both cytokines as biomarkers for diagnosing and monitoring periodontal conditions. However, to confirm their clinical relevance, further longitudinal studies with larger cohorts are recommended.

To compare and assess the fracture strength of indirect overlay restorations bonded using various bonding techniques: sonically activated composite materials, preheated composite materials, and adhesive resin cement. The restorations were fabricated utilizing two distinct categories of all-ceramic CAD/CAM materials: reinforced resin composite blocks and lithium disilicate blocks. Depending on the CAD/CAM block type utilized for constructing the indirect overlay restorations, two main groups of 24 teeth each were created from the 48 human maxillary first premolar teeth that were ready for restorations. Group A consisted of indirect overlays made of lithium disilicate (IPS e.max CAD) blocks, whereas Group B used reinforced resin blocks (BRILLIANT Crios) for indirect overlays. subsequently according to the type of cement utilized in cementation. After the prepared teeth were scanned using the CEREC Omnicam digital intraoral scanner, indirect overlay restorations were designed utilizing CEREC Premium programme (version 4.4.4), and additional milling was carried out using the CEREC MC XL milling device. A computer-controlled universal testing machine (LARYEE, China) was then used to apply compressive axial loads to all cemented indirect overlay restorations at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min till occurrence of fracture. A Student's t-test, LSD test, and one-way ANOVA test were utilized to analyze the data at a significance level of 0.05.  This in vitro investigation revealed the greatest fracture strength mean value in the indirect overlays cemented with resin cement compared to other types of cement, regardless of the CAD/CAM block type. Depending on the findings of this research, regardless of the cement type, the mean fracture strength values of the indirect overlays made from both CAD/CAM blocks exceed the maximum biting force in the premolar area, indicating that both block types may be utilized clinically as overlay restorations in the premolar area.

Hybrid lesions have been reported in literature as lesions consisting of a combination of characteristics from different pathologies. In this article we document a case where a collision tumor of central giant cell granuloma and juvenile trabecular ossifying fibroma co-existed in the mandible. Only a few cases of similar conditions were documented in literature. An 18-year-old female presented with an unusually painful swelling in the symphysis and parasymphysis region bilaterally. Although the two-dimensional imaging suggested an enlarged cystic lesion, the CBCT revealed a well-defined multi-locular hypodense lesion with hyperdense foci, buccal cortical expansion, and lingual cortical perforation suggesting a more aggressive pathology. Curettage, peripheral ostectomy and apicectomy to the associated teeth were the treatment modalities performed. Six months postoperatively, tooth mobility had resolved, and trabecular bone formation was evident in the parasymphysis region. The co-existence of central giant cell granuloma and juvenile trabecular ossifying fibroma is to be considered on observing the clinical and radiographic pictures of both in the same case.

The objective of the present study was to assess the application of ergonomics among undergraduate dental students at the University Dental Hospital Sharjah. The study also intended to compare application of ergonomic principles among fourth and fifth year dental students, and predict the risk of musculo-skeletal disorders for each group based on the RULA (Rapid Upper Limb Assessment) method. Eighty-four participants of this observational study were evaluated for ergonomic risk factors by obtaining data in the form of static photographs of dental students in their fourth and fifth years at UDHS. These images were then analyzed by the observers to determine musculo-skeletal risk using the Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) worksheet. The dependent variables were the risk scores obtained from the RULA worksheet, which evaluated the risk of WMS and/or WMSD for the dental students. Conversely, the students' work postures, movement repetition, static muscle work, and associated loads, were considered the independent variables. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the statistical significance between both year groups. The overall final RULA scores showed that fourth year dental students had a higher mean ranking (score =1980.5) than fifth year dental students (score=1589.5), which was statistically significant (P=0.009), thereby placing them at a higher risk of developing musculo-skeletal diseases due to their ergonomics. The overall RULA scores of both groups portrayed that the 4th year participants were in the medium-risk category of developing WMSDs as a result of their working postures, whereas the 5th year participants were in the low-risk category.

The objective of this research was to determine oral health-related quality of life and its relationship with the incidence of dental caries, oral hygiene, and gingival health in a military population in the city of Arequipa, Peru. The study was cross-sectional and included 234 Peruvian military personnel. Oral quality of life was assessed using the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14Sp) questionnaire. Clinical condition was determined using the DMFT (cavities), OHI-S (simplified oral hygiene), and the Löe and Silness reduced gingival index (GI-r). The median OHIP-14Sp score was 19 (RI: 12-27), with physical pain being the most affected dimension (mean: 4.1±1.7). A significant association was found between the OHIP-14Sp and the OHI-S (p=0.011) and OHI-r (p<0.001) indices. In the case of the DMFT index, no statistically significant association was found with the overall OHIP-14Sp score (p=0.152); however, a trend was observed in which higher DMFT values corresponded to higher OHIP-14Sp scores, suggesting a possible clinically unperceived impact in this population. In conclusion, there is a significant relationship between oral health-related quality of life and levels of oral hygiene and gingival inflammation. Although no statistically significant association was found between DMFT and perceived quality of life, the observed trend suggests that caries experience could influence oral well-being at more advanced stages. Implementing oral health prevention and promotion strategies that address both hygiene and early caries diagnosis in institutional settings is recommended.

This study aimed to evaluate and compare the effects of three commonly consumed beverages coffee, tea, and cola on the color stability of two commercially available resin composites, Geanial Anterior and Edge Com. Disk-shaped specimens (n=20) from each composite were prepared and subjected to staining by immersion in coffee, tea, cola, or distilled water (control). The specimens underwent thermocycling (10,000 cycles between 5°C and 55°C) to simulate one year of clinical aging. Color assessments were performed using a spectrophotometer, and color differences were calculated using both the CIE76 (∆E*) and CIEDE2000 (∆E₀₀) formulas. Analysis revealed that both composites experienced color changes after immersion in the staining solutions, with coffee causing the most significant discoloration, followed by tea, while cola had minimal effects. No statistically significant difference was observed between the two composites regarding their susceptibility to staining, but the staining agents themselves had a significant effect on color stability (p<0.001). The results indicate that both coffee and tea cause noticeable discoloration in resin composites, with coffee being the most potent staining agent. These findings suggest that clinicians should consider the effects of patient dietary habits when selecting composite materials and educating patients on beverage consumption to maintain the aesthetic quality of restorations.

The dental business is complex and multifactorial, requiring strategic market positioning and the adoption of innovative health technologies. This study analyzes the dental services market, focusing on the range of services sought and the communication channels patients use to select a clinic. A survey of 124 patients revealed that 45% trust information from their general dentist, while 24% rely on the Internet. A significant portion (63%) sought highly complex treatments. Findings suggest a need for a marketing strategy enhancing social media presence, digitalizing processes, and upskilling the medical team to meet high-demand complex treatments.

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