Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

The use of systems modeling as a tool to simulate the dynamics in vegetal communities as responses to disturbances constitutes an alternative for management in protected areas. The objective of this study is to develop a model to simulate the possible self-organizing dynamics in the composition and functional structure of the microphyllous semi-deciduous forest under different disturbance scenarios. Population change equations for dynamogenetic species were determined based on the Leslie matrix, considering functional type and age structure. A conceptual model of the system is defined, that integrates the previous information available on functional composition, structure and interactions. The results of the simulations showed that disturbances occurred in some sectors of the area led the system to equilibrium states very different from the conserved states. The composition, structure, and functional interactions defined in the forest, together with local disturbances, condition the self-organizing dynamics of the system, which can lead to more than one state of equilibrium through different successional trajectories. These aspects facilitate the taking of actions for ecological restoration.

The research was carried out in areas of natural and artificial forests under xerophytic conditions in the Imías and San Antonio del Sur municipalities of Guantánamo province, with the objective of evaluating carbon retention in these types of forests. The data corresponding to forest dynamics and the Project for the Organization and Development of the Forest Economy of the year 2018 were processed with the automated system SUMFOR v-4.02 . Natural forests were the ones with the highest retention with 181.53 tC/ha, while artificial forests retained 179.27 tC/ha. By deposits, the highest percentage is reported in the soil with 68.55 while by forest categories the highest results are obtained by the producing forests with 186.44 tC/ha, the rest of the categories have a similar behavior between them, ranging between 170 and 179. In a projection of the carbon baseline for 10 years, it was evidenced that by the year 2028 total carbon retention would have increased 35% with respect to the initial value, growth to which natural forests would contribute 69%. Information on carbon retention was obtained for the Manigua costera, Uveral, and typical Xerophyte formations that had not yet been studied in the country, and carbon retention values for the species Trichilia hirta L. and Phyllostylon brasiliensis capan . are presented for the first time.

Tropical montane cloud forests in northern Peru are severely fragmented and degraded by land use change with the consequent loss of important plant biodiversity. This research had the objective of analyzing the composition, diversity and structure of the arboreal vegetation in an area of tropical montane cloud forest above 2100 m a.s.l in northern Peru. In a 1-hectare permanent plot, all trees with diametrer over 10 cm were marked and recorded. Diversity, floristic composition and structure of a relict cloud forest were analyzed. A total of 792 individuals of 81 species, 48 genera and 33 families were recorded. The most species-rich families were Lauraceae (25 species), Euphorbiaceae (five species), Melastomataceae, Clusiaceae and Rubiaceae (with 4 species each). Cyathea sp. and Miconia punctata were the most abundant and frequent species. These results show the high ecological value of the forest studied from the point of view of conservation.

In order to analyze the evolution of cooperatives up to the present day, with a critical approach from theory and practice, definitions and typologies, values and principles, as well as the fulfillment of the cooperative identity, were examined through theoretical, historical-logical and analysis and synthesis methods. The main results obtained were that there is currently no consensus on a definition of cooperative and that the term to refer to it is enterprise. It was found that it is an important economic actor whose priority is profit, through the solution of social problems of its members and their community. A great heterogeneity was found in the classification of cooperatives, based on different variables of analysis, reflecting the economic and socio-political dynamics and the practical context in which they develop. Regarding the cooperative identity, it was observed that the values and founding principles have become more flexible in the actions of the cooperatives and their members, with distortions being perceived in the fulfillment of the practice. It was also found that the economic, political and social environment in which the cooperative develops has changed to a complex dynamic of market economy, where they have to perform on equal terms with other enterprises of public or private capital. This forced it to make its management performance more flexible, to assume new roles, new relationships with the environment, which distanced it from that foundational romantic ideology and pushed it to modernize or perish.

Corporate Social Responsibility is a subject widely covered in the scientific literature from different approaches and perspectives, with a growing application in business practice. The banking sector has not been exempt from this influence and it is recognized that banking institutions are characterized by the assumption of social responsibility in their business philosophy and the publication of sustainability reports, which seek to make visible the social impacts of their activity. The objective of this study was to determine the variables for the measurement of social responsibility and the social impact of banks with a view to the preparation of sustainability reports in the Cuban banking sector. The methodology used corresponds to a mixed, cross-sectional, non-experimental approach research, where the content analysis technique and the Matrice d' Impacts Croisés Multiplication Appliqués à un Classement strategic prospective technique were used. At the theoretical-conceptual level, a definition of Banking Social Responsibility contextualized to the particularities of Cuban banking is proposed. As a result, 17 variables were determined, conceptualized and classified by the triple dimension of social responsibility, of which 12 were classified as key and six as potentially strategic, where capital yield, communication, information and innovation and dissemination stand out. 58.8% of the identified variables correspond to the social dimension. The result of this study creates the bases for the design of indicators contextualized to the country's banking activity, but considering the international experience on the subject.

The municipality of Consolación del Sur, like most of the Cuban municipalities, has the urgent need to solve the problems affecting its sustainable local development, based on the application of knowledge and innovation, from multi-stakeholder participation, the formation and establishment of networks of internal and external actors, inclusive, transparent, participatory and with the protagonism of the local government; therefore, the objective of this research was to configure a multi-stakeholder platform for participatory management led by the local government, which promotes the connection of actors and makes viable the solution of local problems oriented from a systemic perspective of innovation, with a value chain approach, enhancing sustainable local development. To carry out the same, scientific research methods were used, both theoretical and empirical (historical-logical, systemic, etc.), as well as qualitative research methods and techniques, which allowed the participation of key innovation actors in the configuration of the Local Innovation System, aligned to the Municipal Development Strategy and its respective programs and projects, especially those linked to the Food Sovereignty and Nutritional Security Plan, promoting a real and sustainable endogenous local development. The Local Innovation System built and approved by the Municipal Administration Council, from participation, with the techniques and methods used, as well as the documentary and practical basis that supports it, is applicable to the specific conditions and particularities of the municipality of Consolación del Sur.

Local development in Cuba represents in recent times a topic of great importance in public agendas, from which Higher Education assumed it as a priority in its strategic planning. On this basis, the management of the professional training process of university students should focus on territorial needs, based on the development of activities and actions that respond to social needs and contribute to their professional performance. To this end, the training process should facilitate the articulation of knowledge, innovation, as well as the development of skills for entrepreneurship and the training of social leaders to enhance the fulfillment of economic policies. Taking these aspects into account, the objective of this research is to propose a system of actions to contribute to the integration of university processes to the management of local development. In order to achieve this objective, theoretical and empirical methods were used, which made it possible to achieve as main result the design of a proposal of actions that contributes to provide ways to ensure that the training process of professionals is developed in an integrated manner to the management of local development, facilitating structural changes and improving the quality of life of the population.

The objective of this article is to present the results of the application of a procedure for quality management in agricultural cooperative enterprises that contributes to the adoption of quality as a management function and to raising the levels of efficiency and effectiveness of business management in general. This research is based on the problem identified in the Unidad Básica de Producción Cooperativa "Julián Alemán", in the municipality of Consolación del Sur, in the province of Pinar del Río, which is that the predominant management approach does not contribute to the adoption of quality as a general management function and, consequently, affects the achievement of results in business management with adequate efficiency and effectiveness. Theoretical and empirical methods were used. The main results are the progressive adoption of quality as a management function to be performed by the Board of Directors in the first place and by all the cooperative members in general; its application allowed reaching conclusions among which stand out the obtaining of better results in management effectiveness and efficiency, which is expressed in the increase of the level of satisfaction of the clients, both external and internal, and in the satisfactory fulfillment of other indicators linked to the deployment of this function in the production process (agricultural phase) in particular.

The aim of this research was to evaluate the in vitro anticoccidial activity of microencapsulated essential oils from Lepechinia heteromorpha (Briq.) Epling and Salvia sagittata Ruiz & Pav., against non-attenuated sporulated oocysts of Eimeria spp of broiler chickens. The treatments were the concentrations of the microencapsulated in 2.5; 5; 10; 20; 30 and 50 mg/ml, 2.5% potassium dichromate negative control group and 4% formaldehyde positive control group. The destruction of oocysts in liquid medium was evaluated by microscopic counting and the results were verified after 24 and 48 h of incubation at 28 °C. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance, using SPSS version 25 software and Tukey's test. The results showed highly significant statistical differences between the microencapsulated, as well as in their concentrations, registering the greatest destruction of sporulated oocysts by the microencapsulated essential oil of Salvia sagittata Ruiz & Pav. at a concentration of 50 mg/ml at 48 h of incubation reaching 83.5% destruction of oocysts, this value being similar to 4% formaldehyde. Concluding that the microencapsulated essential oils studied destroy up to 83.5% of the sporulated oocysts of Eimeria spp.        

In the current context of the neoliberal onslaught and the expansion of extractive borders, a spiral of violence continues against those who oppose the imposition of mining megaprojects on their territories, after almost thirty years of neoliberal policies in Peru. Conflicts around the management of common goods increase, and stories of struggle and resistance emerge, in defense of preserving ancestral ways of life and the care for nature. Based on the participatory documentary series: Tejiendo resistencias (Weaving Resistance, 2013) and other audiovisual works, the emergence of collaborative audiovisual practices and their connection to the struggle to defend the territory in Cajamarca, Peru, is brought into dialogue.