Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Academic performance is a key indicator of educational quality and success in university education. Studies have shown that structural and sociocultural factors, such as gender stereotypes, directly influence learning opportunities and student performance. The present study aimed to characterize the factors that influence the academic performance of university students in nursing programs according to gender. A quantitative approach with a descriptive cross-sectional design was used, employing a structured survey as the data collection technique. A total of 116 students from public and private institutions in five regions of the country participated. The results revealed significant gender gaps in the perception of barriers to learning, with a difference of up to 36 percent to the detriment of women, who assumed a greater burden of domestic work and caregiving. Despite these perceptions, no statistically significant differences were found in the distribution of time spent on academic, work, and domestic activities, suggesting the need to explore other factors that shape these experiences. This research provides empirical evidence of gender inequalities in a historically feminized field such as nursing, where paradoxically, inequalities that affect women’s academic development persist. The findings allow us to reflect on the importance of implementing gender-sensitive educational policies.

  En este artículo se lleva a cabo un análisis del Defensorium trium conclusionum, obra del teólogo Alfonso de Madrigal, a quien se conoce comúnmente como El Tostado. El Defensorium trium conclusionum constituye uno de sus tratados más originales y uno de los que mejor le definen. Por esta razón, a través de su análisis apreciaremos, entre otros, dos de los rasgos más genuinos de su autor. En primer lugar, su inmenso y variado saber, saber que se extiende por la casi totalidad de los ámbitos del conocimiento. En segundo lugar, su actitud crítica hacia toda idea carente de un fundamento consistente, fiel reflejo de una personalidad inquieta por obtener un conocimiento, siempre que sea posible, en base a criterios racionales y científicos. En consecuencia, y debido a las características que muestra su escrito, queremos reivindicar que Alfonso de Madrigal merece ser encuadrado entre las figuras más egregias del Humanismo castellano.

El presente trabajo se propone, tomando como fuentes fundamentales la Ciudad de Dios de Agustín de Hipona, los Diálogos de Gregorio Magno y las Sentencias de Isidoro de Sevilla, dilucidar las estrategias discursivas que tres Padres de la Iglesia utilizaron en la presentación de la violencia y las características destacadas de aquellos actores y principios a los que dichos discursos incorporan o remiten, observando las pervivencias argumentales, las diferencias  y los énfasis colocados en torno al siglo V en un caso y el siglo VII en otro. En este marco, creemos que opera una construcción particular de lo que podríamos llamar “creencia”, con apelaciones específicas no solo a la violencia, sino a las menciones acerca de la “guerra”, la “lucha” y la “fe”; conformando un conjunto de múltiples y relevantes significaciones.

Los estudios sobre migraciones en la Roma antigua revelan panoramas sociales, políticos y culturales a favor de la movilidad romana. Pese a la evolución cultural, algunos elementos, especialmente en el ámbito religioso, perduraron. Nos centramos en divinidades trasladadas por agentes movilizadores, destacando el papel de las unidades militares romanas. En particular, analizamos las cohortes de ciudadanos romanos voluntarios (cohors voluntariorum civium Romanorum), un aspecto poco tratado por la historiografía actual. Este estudio muestra cómo estos ciudadanos, alistados en cuerpos auxiliares, expandieron cultos en territorios alejados de su origen. Identificamos aproximadamente diecisiete unidades con estas características, provenientes de Panonia, Siria, Germania, Numidia, Moesia, Raetia y Capadocia. Nuestro objetivo es examinar el traslado y el culto de divinidades a través del Mediterráneo por estas unidades durante la época imperial mediante el uso del ARS (Análisis de Redes Sociales) como método de estudio para este fenómeno del traslado de divinidades o su difusión.

The protection of minority shareholders is a central issue for good Corporate Governance. Despite the legislator’s declared intention to improve the regulation over this matter, the solution adopted in Chile has been equivocal and counterproductive. Empirical reviews show that there is little judicialization of conflicts between shareholders, which affects the real effectiveness of minority rights and the sustainable development of corporations. In the last relevant amendment, the national legislator refrained from considering the suggestions from good Corporate Governance and established a criminal sanction for certain abusive board resolutions that do not meet the requirements in the field, preventing the improvement of corporate activities as a result of cultural developments based on good Corporate Governance. For us, it would have been much more effective to adopt solutions such as those considered in Canadian law, which, given the high commercial flow with Chile and the wide structural characteristics of its corporate Law, should begin to be observed by national legislation, jurisprudence, and scholars. Based on said comparative experience, a five-step test is proposed that must be met in order for a board resolution to be considered as “abusive”.

From the enactment of Law 21,634, Law 19,886 on the Foundations of Administrative Contracts contains two contradictory provisions regarding the duration of the disqualification from contracting with the State for violations of workers’ fundamental rights. The first provision establishes a period of two years, while the second allows the judge to assess this period. Therefore, the courts will have to determine which criterion prevails.

In November 2022, the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) limited the access of the public to the beneficial ownership registry, which is a tool for the promotion of transparency and the fight against corruption in the financial system, due to an alleged lack of proportionality between free access and the fundamental rights to privacy and personal data protection of those who are part of them. Up to now, in our country we do not have a beneficial ownership registry; however, there are several initiatives aimed at its creation. In this paper, we argue that in Chile the tension raised by the ruling of the European Union between transparency of beneficial ownership registry and fundamental rights to privacy and personal data protection would not take place because, although we do not have such a registry, the national legal culture on records is based on the principles of mandatory and publicity, and the only obstacle is in physical access rather than legal impediments.

In this article, several constitutional and economic reflections are proposed due to the implementation of a healthy tax on solid or liquid foods with a high concentration of critical nutrients. To develop these approaches, I present the background and constitutional architecture of the figure under study; then, I describe the components of the jurisprudence applicable to the object of study; I address the problematic issues from a perspective of constitutional validity and legitimacy; finally, I present some conclusions and approaches about healthy taxes in Colombia.  

This article addresses the different impacts that permit management has had on construction projects in Chile, and the negative effects it has between the parties in a construction contract, mainly regarding claims that may arise during the execution of the project. In this way, even though this problem has found proposed solutions from the public sector aimed at solving the problem of permit management as such, it is possible to raise certain remedies from private law, and from construction contracts to mitigate its negative effects. Thus, this article will study the impacts of deficient permit management in various aspects, the claims and defenses that are usual in these disputes, different models of comparative law, together with an analysis of the associated legal initiatives. Finally, this article addresses certain proposals for solutions to this problem from construction contracts, focusing on the role of the autonomy of will, the collaboration between the parties, the risk allocation, and alternative methods of dispute resolution.

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