Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Jerónimo Merino, a clergyman dubbed as the “Priest Merino”, was one of the most important and well-known guerrilla leaders during the Peninsular War (1808-1814). Merino owed his fame to the Napoleonic invasion of the Iberian Peninsula, not only because of his military prowess, but also due to his widespread presence in the press of the time. At the end of the conflict, Merino returned to his ecclesiastical life. This article addresses the journalistic and propaganda perception of Merino during the Liberal Triennium (1820-1823), a time when the priest took up arms once again, this time to defend the interests of the absolutist rule against those of the liberals in what has come to be considered as the first contemporary Spanish civil war.

The annals of the European colonization process in Venezuelan lands is marked significantly from the granting and ownership of land to individuals. The extensive common lands of the city of Coro were composed by the economic elite that, in turn, was benefitted by influential political figures. One of the first negotiations, at the end of the 16th century, quotes the Taratara savannas, whose strategic location manages to consolidate the project of military defense of the coasts after the foundation of the doctrine villages of El Carrizal and Guaibacoa, promoted in 1723 by the priest don Pedro Sangronis, and the brothers of Colina and Peredo. The information compiled about the territorial tradition of these savannas offers data on the evolution of the newly created towns and the separatist process that closes the Colonial period (1812) with the partition of the territorial unit of the Carrizal-Guaibacoa indigenous community.

The present study explores the way in which the greater festival of La Rioja, Argentina, known as Tinkunaco or Encuentro, was ritually structured over time. This ceremony, apparently unchanged for 400 years, has however varied the organization of its rituality in different ways, with differences in the level of prominence of the elites and the popular sectors, understanding these as social subjects but that have in common a place of subordination in the economic, social or political relationship. The article makes an interpretation of the changes through the analysis of the objectives of the hegemonic power of each historical moment, and how these influenced its forms of expression from the colonial period to the present.

Introduction: chronicle difficulties in sleeping, as well as its privation are associated with disorders such as depression and anxiety; these pathologies have been observed by different researches on undergraduate medical internship students, whose bad sleepers percentage oscillates between 60 and 90%. Objective: To evaluate changes in sleep quality, diurnal somnolence, anxiety and depression among students, both at the start and at the end of an undergraduate medical internship in a public university. Methods: It was carried out an observational, prospective and longitudinal study, throughout variable measurement in a cohort both at the start and at the end of an undergraduate medical internship. From the total amount of undergraduate physicians of 2016 July generation (N = 51), it was selected a fortuitous sample (n = 45) where these instruments were applied: Pittsburgh sleep quality index, Epworth somnolence scale, Beck inventories for anxiety and depression, McNemar statistical tests for sleep quality, as well as Wilcoxon for diurnal somnolence, anxiety and depression. The information obtained was processed by SPSS software, version 22, with a significance level of 0.05. Results: At the end of the medical internship the bad sleep quality, diurnal somnolence and anxiety level increased, presenting statistically significant differences.Depression degrees were negatively affected without apparent significance. Conclusions: Both anxiety and depression showed an important increase of their prevalence by the end of the medical internship. Due to these situations, we recommend to implement periodically evaluations, prevention strategies and to assess the influence of several stressors.

Introduction: Peer-assisted learning (PAL) is an educational strategy that has yielded good results in the learning of clinical and research abilities. It has been implemented in the state of Nuevo León for the past seven years. Aim. To describe our experience with Peer-Assisted learning in the critical appraisal of research during the undergraduate internship. Method: For the past seven years and every semester, a course on the critical appraisal of research has been offered to undergraduate interns; the following study designs were included, case-control, diagnostic tests, cohorts, randomized clinical trial, follow-up, meta-analysis, surveys and instruments. Students were evaluated at the beginning and at the end of the course. It lasted 16 weeks, and there were weekly meetings of 90 minutes. It included the critical review of articles, following a guideline with items that explored interpretation, judgment and proposals to the authors, all useful for discussion. Homework was forwarded to the professor for evaluation. To reproduce the course, peer student tutors were selected according to their in-class presence, their homework, argumentation, empathy, high performance in the final evaluation and their voluntary acceptance. Between one and three peer tutors were assigned per group and they developed the previously mentioned course. The initial and final results in each group were compared with Wilcoxon´s test. Results: Fifteen groups were formed, with 22 peer tutors and 242 undergraduate interns. Except for two, all groups advanced and succeeded (p<0.05). Discussion: The results of implementing PAL in the critical appraisal of research reports in several generations of undergraduate interns, offers an alternative applicable to the development of teaching and research abilities in students. This activity should be formally supported in an extracurricular manner or be incorporated in the study plan since its benefits are valuable at the personal level, to the groups and to the institutions.

Introduction: During their rotation to social services, the medical intern has the opportunity to integrate and apply the knowledge acquired during their academic training, and by understanding their potential patients, they will be able to improve their clinic skills, and the ability to relate emotionally to their patients. Objective: Evaluate the relationship between clinic skills, perceived emotional intelligence, and burnout in medical interns during their social service in Health Services of Sonora. Method: A cross-sectional and correlational study was conducted, involving 56 medical interns, six months into their social service rotation. The following assessment tools were used: Questionnaire Skills Clinics; Maslach Burnout Inventory and Trait Meta Mood Scale TMMS-24, which evaluate the perceived emotional intelligence. Statistical analysis included frequency measurements and Spearman correlation analysis. Results: Statistically significant relationships were found. Clinical skills correlated positively with clarity (r = 0.28; p < .03) and repair (r = 0.33; p < .01, negatively with exhaustion (r = −0.34; p < .03) and depersonalisation (r = −0.27; p < .04). Emotional clarity negatively correlated with exhaustion (r = −0.32; p< .01) and depersonalisation (r = −0.26, p < .04) and positively with self-fulfilment. (r = 0.40; p < .00). Repair emotions is negatively related to exhaustion (r = −0.34; p < .00) and positively to selffulfilment (r = 0.38; p < .0). Conclusions: The data obtained indicates that, when the medical interns of social service have an adequate clarity and emotional repair, they increase their clinical skills, achieving the ability for interview and improved patient and physician communication. When clarity and repair of emotions increases, emotional exhaustion and depersonalisation decreases, and their self-fulfilment increases. The foregoing indicates that possessing an adequate clarity and repair of emotional states, improves the clinical abilities of the medical intern.