Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Introduction: Clinical aptitude (ClAp) is essential in medical interns´ (MI) during their undergraduate internship. Its evaluation is indispensable. Aim: To compare the final clinical aptitude of MI in various hospital settings. Method: Medical Interns (MI) in natural groups who completed their undergraduate internship (UI) in five different hospitals. Seventy (70) MI were studied in a sample obtained in a census. A valid and consistent (KR: 0.77) final instrument was applied at the end of the UI and included 30 clinical cases (CC) and five indicators: risk factors (RF), diagnosis (DX), paraclinicals (PCL), treatment (Tx) and prognosis (PRN), encompassing internal medicine (IM), pediatrics (PED), family medicine (FM), emergency medicine (EM), general surgery (GS) and obstetrics-gynecology (OG). There were 75 items per module, totaling 450. We requested data on the MI grade average and university of origin. Incomplete or inadequately completed surveys were excluded. Non-parametric statistics: to compare every module´s medians and that of every rotation (Kruskal- allis). Hospitals were compared (Mann-Whitney U test). The average university grade was correlated with the overall median (Spearman). Answers were determined randomly. Results: There was no correlation between the university grade averages and the overall medians. A low ClAp was detected in the hospital settings (Median: 177/450). There were significant differences in favor of G1 and G5 in almost all modules and indicators vs. G4. The highest medians were obtained in EM (50/75) and FM (43/75) while the lowest were in O-G (5/75). Results were NS in RF and PCL. The highest values were observed in PRN (48%), followed by DX (41%) and TX (33%). Comparisons between universities were NS in IM, GS, RF, PCL and PRN. Results were low in acute appendicitis, labor, preeclampsia and pyelonephritis. Comments: ClAp was found to be lacking. A stricter following of the MI´s development is warranted.

Introduction: Photogrammetry in the field of science and technology is responsible for the acquisition, accumulation and transformation of information about the shape, movement and deformation of an object by means of a beam of light. It is currently adopted by doctors for the reproduction of anatomical structures, as well as planning of surgical procedures and as a diagnostic tool. Objective: offer a simple and low-cost method that allows to create three-dimensional models of realistic characteristics without the need of specific conditions for their use and reproduction. Also, to achieve their incorporation as a learning and diagnostic tool. Method: For the creation of the three-dimensional model it was necessary to submit it to a rendering process with the software Photo Scan, Regard 3D and 3DF Zaphyr. This procedure took photographs of a real model and converted them into information points that were compiled to create a high-quality three-dimensional model; since these programs were created for the realization and survey of geographic maps, it allowed us to preserve the texture and reliefs of each structure, with realistic characteristics in each model. Results: The final result was a three-dimensional model manipulated in 360°, which due to its plasticity allowed its edition in any editing program. Conclusion: Photogrammetry is a simple and low-cost method, which allows to create three-dimensional models of realistic characteristics, which do not require large specifications for their reproduction, so it has great plasticity in its use and handling.

Introduction: Cooperation among researchers has now become the fundamental pillar of the progress of science. Objective: Our purpose is the analysis of the level of productivity and collaboration of Dr. Manuel Velasco Suárez as a writer of publications. Method: It is a retrospective-descriptive bibliometric study and co-authorship network examination of the entire available collection of articles by Dr. Manuel Velasco Suárez, indexed in the PubMed database. The bibliometric indicators used are of activity. The parameters and the construction of complex networks were carried out using the software Cytoscape Version 3.5.0.  Results: Bibliometric size: 66. Productivity index: 1.819. Degree of collaboration: 0.378. A network with 57 nodes and 136 connections. Diameter: 4. Radius: 1. Centrality: 0.393. Grouping coefficient: 0.824. Density: 0.085. Discussion: The mathematical values reveal it as a great creator of medical literature, coupled with a low degree of connection with other scientists. The exploration through networks indicates a small level of association between its elements. Conclusions: Dr. Velasco published dozens of works with which he forged a prolific life in favor of the Mexican Neurosurgery, however, its scope could become larger by collaborating with a greater number of researchers.

Introduction: Natural and traditional medicine is applied in Cuba as a curricular strategy in the career of Medicine, constituting information and communication technologies one of the effective methods for its application. Objective: To prepare an educational multimedia for the learning of acupuncture and acupressure by medical students. Method: A technological development study was conducted at the University of Medical Sciences of Pinar del Río, from September 2017 to January 2018. For the preparation of the multimedia, the search and collection of information were identified as work stages. the selection of tools and the design. The product was validated by criteria provided by 18 experts in the field. The effectivenessof the use of the product was evaluated through a pedagogical experiment to the 28 students that integrated the sample. Results: The multimedia shows a clear and attractive design. It offers a free navigation where the desired content can be reached quickly and easily. In their totality, the experts evaluated the product as “very appropriate”, and all the users issued “good” criteria in the “Facility”, “Functionality” and “Originality” indicators, in addition to presenting a similar behavior in the others. When applying the McNemar Test, all the values were significant, demonstrating the effectiveness of the elaborated tool. Conclusions: The tool made allowed the student of the medical career to interact with the contents of acupuncture and acupressure, considering it useful as support material in teaching.

Introduction: Reading is a path to humanization and the development of societies and individuals. Diagnose the bond to the reading among the university students is the first step to develop strategies that allow its promotion. Objective: Establish reading habits in a student population. Method: A sample of first-year nursing students of the UVM Villahermosa, period 02-2018, was chosen through simple random sampling, a survey on reading habits was applied, a database was generated in the SPSS software and analyzed to obtain results. Results: 48% of the population was analyzed, all of the nursing career and in its first university semester, 80.55% female, average age of 18.37 years. 46% lived in twoparent households. 84% depended on an economic scholarship to be able to study. Only 9.37% referred taste for reading, 18.75% had read 2 or more books in the last month. 84.37% only read books of his career by obligationand spent an average of 1 hour. 3.12% had parents who read daily and 34.37% of these were professionals. 21.87% could imagine what they read, 81.24% referred medium to severe difficulty to read, 68.75% had difficulty concentrating and 34.37% understood what they read. Conclusions: The sample was primarily feminine, came from non-two-parent households, with economic problems, with non-professional parents and no taste for reading. The sample did not show adequate reading habits, which affected their reading comprehension, they read by obligation and not by pleasure. The critical thinking of the students could be affected and this would result in their performance in the teaching-learning process as university students.

Introduction: Education has had to adapt to the new environment of students, understood as digital natives. The previous due to the technological changes that have been observed in the last decades. One of the strategies that is currently present is the Gamification (own strategies of video games in support of learning) Method: A deductive method was used, with a quantitative methodology through the application of a test. Results: 54% of students surveyed said they have Internet access at home. 46% use the data of their mobile telephony systems, and 0% resort to public or paid business options. 25% use Internet less than 14 hours a week, 53% between 15 and 30 hours and 22% more than 31 hours a week. The teacher population interviewed was composed of 60% women and 40% men. 45% of teachers interviewed would agree to be trained through peer counseling. Another 45% would like to take courses during vacations. Finally, 9% would like to train online. Conclusions: According to the results obtained during the test, it is feasible to include in the School of Medicine (Justo Sierra University) the use of Gamification resources.

Introduction: rheumatoid arthritis is an inflammatory, systemic and chronic disease that mainly affects the osteomyoarticular system. Clinically they are characterized by the presence of pain, inflammation, stiffness and deformity. These elements affect the appearance of functional disability and the reduction of the perception of the quality of life related to health.Objective: to present the advantages of the use of natural medicine in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.Methodology: a not experimental, descriptive, retrospective study was conducted in 115 patients to whom natural medicines were added to control their disease.Results: average age of 56.58 years with predominance of female patients (69.60%), white skin color (55.20%) and between 50 and 59 years of age (29.60%). The combination of steroids and methotrexate was the most used (55.20%). The NTM was used in 62.4% of the patients with a highlight for the hospitalization service with a utilization of 79.19%. The phytopharmaceuticals and acupuncture were the most represented modalities.Conclusions: there is a high percentage of application of NTM in the therapeutic schemes of patients with RA. The phytopharmaceuticals and acupuncture are the most indicated modalities. The users and providers showed high percentages of acceptance to the use of MNT in patients with chronic diseases.

La melatonina es una hormona neuroendocrina pleiotrópica, producida principalmente por la glándula pineal que regula el ritmo circadiano, es antiinflamatoria, inmunomoduladora, neuroprotectora, antioxidante. Se realizó una revisión sobre el tema empleando artículos de libre acceso en la base de datos Pubmed en el período de enero del 2013 a septiembre del 2018 con el objetivo de describir el rol de esta biomolécula en algunas enfermedades autoinmunes y reumatológicas, así como en otros procesos inflamatorios agudos y crónicos. La melatonina ha demostrado acciones favorables cuando se administra en enfermedades como la esclerosis múltiple, diabetes mellitus tipo l, cáncer. No obstante, puede empeorar las crisis en la artritis reumatoide.

Introducción: los síndromes dolorosos musculotendinosos se presentan a nivel de hombro, codo, muñeca, cadera, rodilla, tobillo y pie. Manifiestan una clínica localizada y el tratamiento está compuesto por infiltraciones locales, iontoforesis y en ciertas ocasiones TENS y ultrasonidos. Objetivo: resumir las características de los síndromes dolorosos tendinosos. Desarrollo: los síndromes dolorosos musculotendinosos se manifiestan a escala de hombro, codo, muñeca, cadera, rodilla, tobillo y pie. Se identifican por presentar una clínica localizada y el tratamiento se compone de infiltraciones locales, iontoforesis y en algunos ejemplos TENS y ultrasonidos. Conclusiones: el síndrome de dolor miofascial se concibe como un cuadro de dolor regional manifestado habitualmente en cintura escapular y pélvica. Provoca unos puntos desencadenantes del dolor y contractura muscular. El tratamiento está compuesto por control del dolor, restablecimiento de la fuerza muscular y movilidad.

Introduction: thanks to the increase in the rate of aging on a planetary scale, it is essential to develop knowledge about the treatment of certain pathologies, chronic disabling diseases.Objective: to specify the clinical features of rheumatoid arthritis in the elderly.Development: its greatest incidence in the elderly is widely recognized; rheumatoid arthritis in several cases causes this disability.Conclusions: it is essential that the first contact physicians dominate the manifestations and traits that usually manifest these cases, so that they are derived in a pertinent way to the specialist and the consequences of the condition are avoided as far as possible.