Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Introduction: Stress caused on medical students by the intense work they are exposed to during their studies, has a negative influence in some students which results in poor academic performance, anxiety and depressive symptoms. Psychological and yoga interventions have proved to be useful for reducing psychopathological symptoms, and in the development of physical and mental abilities. Objective: To evaluate if psychological interventions based on a Cognitive Behavioral Workshop (CBW) and a Yoga Workshop (YW) diminish depressive, anxiety symptoms and stress in students of the Medicine Faculty at the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM). Method: We conducted a randomized controlled clinical trial at the UNAM Medicine Faculty. Sampling type was done in accordance with the students who were retaking at least one of the first or second year curricular subjects. Beck’s inventories for anxiety (BAI) and depression (BDI) and the Novack profile were applied to select those individuals with a mild severity level. Selection of the students was randomized for each one of the interventions. Results: In both interventions there was a reduction of depressive and anxious symptoms (p<0.005). The Cognitive-behavioral workshop group also presented a reduction in the stress manifestations profile, suggesting that they achieved effective stress coping strategies, and managed to visualize stressors as challenges or problems to solve, confront and to focus on the positive aspects of themselves. In the yoga workshop group, there were statistically significant changes in the frequency of adequate rest, sleep, and relaxation. Conclusions: It’s important to provide stress management strategies to medical students, in order to promote not only an overall wellness, and as health professionals in promoting healthy lifestyles.

Introduction: The abuse to students is documented in many schools of medicine in the world. His presence is manifested by decrease of confidence in themselves, poor academic performance and be a source of family and social conflict. The recognition of this phenomenon gives relief to the affected people, associated with a diminution of the abusive behavior. Method: We conducted a transversal prospective observational study with students of the Faculty of Medicine of the UNAM from the first to the fourth year of the career. Results: 2250 students were survey, being the majority women. There was no statistically significant difference by sex in the composition between the four scholarship years. 73.5% were basic science students. The abuse was referred to by more than a quarter of the students studied (27%). Statistical differences in prevalence between the different school years were observed. Abuse by authoritarianism was the one with the highest percentage, followed by a lesser extent to that associated with gender, sexual harassment, and sexual orientation. Being physical abuse the least common. Minimizing the importance of the event was the main reason not to report, followed by not to know what to do or the fear of possible reprisals There is a lack of information and diffusion about the mechanisms for reporting this type of incidents and to recognize de trail and resolution of the case. Conclusion: different types of abuse were found; although some of them are not recognize or are tolerated According to the findings the same person would have suffered more than one.

Introduction: At the present time the student's active paper in the construction of the knowledge is recognized and it is granted great importance to the scientific publication from the undergraduate level. Objective: To describe the scientific students’ production in SciELO Cuba’s indexed biomedical journals during 2015 and 2016. Method: A descriptive bibliometric study considering as analysis unit the articles published electronically in the SciELO Cuba’s indexed biomedical journals was performed. The following variables were studied: name of the journal, impact factor, article with student participation, study type, year of publication, type of authorship, number of students per article, university, country, career, academic year and assistantship. Results: In 18 journals there were not papers with students as authors. Revista Médica Electrónica was the one with more documents with student participation (n = 13; 6.13%). From 3736 papers published in total only 55 (1.47%) have students mainly as co-authors. There were original papers predominantly (n = 24; 43.64%). 85 students have published, 51 (60.0%) from medical school. Conclusions: Student scientific production in SciELO Cuba indexed biomedical journals is low and it is not according with the high number of health sciences students as well as the number of indexed journals in this base date and the expectations of the Cuban superior medical education.

Los profesionales de la salud con frecuencia trabajamos en condiciones que nos ponen en el borde de cometer faltas éticas y lapsos de profesionalismo.Recordemos que ser un profesional de la salud en la actualidad implica no solamente poseer conocimientos esotéricos que el resto de la sociedad no tiene, sino que implica regresar al significado original de la palabra “profesional”, sostenernos con los pies firmes en el terreno de la integridad e identidad profesional, al aplicar y vivir los valores intrínsecos a la profesión médica.

High Specialty Medicine Courses consist of academic programs aimed at the development of specific competences in medical specialists. The main objective of this paper is to present the curricular design of the High Specialty Course on Parkinson’s Disease and Movement Disorders. Understanding that each course must be adapted to the specific needs of the field of knowledge, the current state of the curricular program of the course is presented, highlighting cognitive, psychomotor and affective objectives, along their theoretical framework. Strategies and pedagogical resources and their application in the development of the course are briefly described. Different methodologies for the evaluation of objectives, procedural, and clinical skills are also described. Finally, mention is made of the integration of Information and Communication Technology as electronic portfolios and E-learning. The methods, strategies or their theory can be integrated or adapted to other programs of high specialty courses in order to improve the learning process, but also that of teaching.

Purpose - to design and evaluate the validity and reliability of a questionnaire that measures the knowledge and practices regarding dentists prevention in Mexico.Methodology - a bank of questions was created and evaluated by a group of experts, through the Lawshe test modified to determine content validity. Three pilot tests were carried out for the evaluation and adjustment of the questionnaire. Subsequently, the questionnaire was applied to a group of dentists (n=149) to evaluate internal consistency through Cronbach's Alpha Coefficient, and repeatability through the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC). In addition, convergence validity was evaluated through Spearman ́s test. Results - 37 items were included divided into two dimensions, Knowledge (23) and Practice (14) and two global questions. A Likert type response scale was used. Internal consistency was α = 0.606, Knowledge and Practice were α=0.639 and 0.687 respectively. The ICC values obtained were 0.556, Knowledge was 0.815 and Practices 0.929. There was a statistically significant correlation between the knowledge and practice dimension scores with the global corresponding questions. Limitations - the main limitation in this study is the sample size for the evaluation of repeatability test.Findings - the questionnaire of Knowledge and Practice of Dentist ́s Prevention (CPPO) has acceptable validity and reliability to be applied in Mexican dentists.

Purpose - to analyze if the relational psychological contract has an impact on tacit knowledge transference inside the organization throughout the mediation of sharing intention this intangible asset.Methodology - a quantitative, correlational, non-experimental cross research was carried out and a non-probabilistic sample was used in the gathering of 346 questionnaires of middle-level collaborators into auto parts industry in Ciudad Juarez Chihuahua, Mexico. Data analysis was carried out by structural equations modeling using Partial Least Square (PLS). Results - findings confirm that the relational psychological contract positively influences both: the intention to share tacit knowledge, as well as the transfer of tacit knowledge within organization and the influence that receives the intention to share sad knowledge. Limitations - findings obtained are only and exclusively evidence from auto parts industry in this city, which can be different from other populations because of cultural context and productive sector. Findings - there are strong implications between studied variables and this productive sector, since organizations recognize the importance and meaning of tacit knowledge of their employees and maintain good interpersonal relationships and motivational incentives among them is important for this intangible asset to be shared.

Purpose - to analyze, from a sociocultural perspective, the social appropriation process of digital technologies in a family broidery workshop located in Cuautepec, a low-income urban area in the north of Mexico City.Methodology - a qualitative, ethnographic design was conducted. The following were used to collect and build data: observation, semi-structured interviews, and demonstrations on the use of technology. The manner through which the owners of the workshop took decisions on what they needed to learn in order to transfer from an electric to a digital embroidery machine were analyzed. Results  - the acquisition and the use of digital devices motivated changes in assignment distribution in the embroidery workshop. The process of social appropriation of digital technologies in a precarious labor context was articulated originating from material conditions and family decisions to acquire the digital equipment, the interaction with mediators, whom ideas and knowledge on the use of the devices were shared with, and the participation of designated actors to use the new tools. However, inequality conditions prevailed in access to social practices with digital technologies. Limitations - amongst the limitations, there is a lack of depth in the exploration of roles which, from a sociocultural perspective, are important in the social appropriation of digital technologies, such as the case of mediators; this can be further explored in future studies. Findings - it is shown that in the process of social appropriation of technology, in a precarious labor and economic environment, family and trust bonds play a relevant role in sharing knowledge and solving problems that are presented in the activity.

Purpose - to build one-dimensional chaotic dynamical systems through the study of functions with domain and codomain in the interval [0, 1] which is defined in terms of four parameters.Methodology - based on the parameters that define each function that is proposed, those which have period three were identified and which induce a chaotic system in the context of Li-Yorke. The fixed point and Sharkovskii theorems were the fundamental tools in this work. Results - we obtained a set of chaotic dynamic systems. In turn, we described a simple process in order to obtain chaotic dynamic systems (additional to those obtained) and we suggest, as a first application, the obtainment of pseudo-random numbers.Limitations - the dynamic systems that were built are chaotic in the Li-Yorke sense -not necessarily in the Devaney sense-. Findings - the functions that were studied have a Zeta form graphic, and for each of those we identified its respective dual (the obtained graphics present a symmetric relation) and that is how we show the conditions that must verify the parameters -primal and dual- in order to obtain (or not) period three.

Purpose - the objective of the present study is to evaluate the effect of Trichoderma strains in the control of Sporisorium reilianum and to increase yield in a maize crop in the Mezquital Valley, Hidalgo.Methodology - experiments in vitro and in vivo were developed and the variables evaluated were colonization by Trichoderma in dual cultures, incidence, colonization of plant tissues, height and yield.Results - it was demonstrated, in vitro, that the pathogen was controlled mainly by the strains C5THBr and C3VM14. Regarding incidence in the crop, the treatment with which the best result was obtained was with the C4TVBr-non-native strain (8.31%). Tissues were colonized by Trichoderma from 19.99% (leaves) to 53.3% (roots). Except for C3VM14, all treatments showed positive effect on plant height. When C5THBr-non-native strain was applied, there was a 38.8% increase in yield.Limitations - detailed studies on mechanisms of action of the strains under study are required.Findings - both native and non-native Trichoderma strains can have an effect on the control of Sporisorium reilianum as well as on maize crop yield.