Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Phototherapy is the treatment indicated for the management of neonatal jaundice. There are different technologies to provide this treatment, including LED devices. For this study, a LED phototherapy lamp is developed to be used in neonatal jaundice. Its efficacy is compared with other devices by measuring the speed in reducing bilirubin levels. This lamp is built with an LED light source composed of a 15×25 LED array that generates 460nm. This device is characterized by a very compact source of low energy consumption, long duration, and low cost. The obtained results are comparable with industrial manufacturing devices but less expensive, therefore, more efficient in terms of health costs.

This study was done with the purpose of documenting the richness and abundance of wild birds in nine green areas of Sangolquí. Birdlife was recorded by counting points from 06.30 am to 09.30 am, on days without rain from November 11, 2016, until February 18, 2017, through visual and audio detection. Each of the nine sectors was sampled through seven consecutive counting points. The recorded birdlife included a wealth of 29 species with a total of 1.010 birds. The Eared Dove Zenaida auriculata was the most abundant with 292 birds, while the less abundant species, with only one record, were the Swainson's Thrush Catharus ustulatus, the Crimson-mantled Woodpecker Colaptes rivolii, the Black Vulture Coragyps atratus, the Rusty Flowerpiercer Diglossa sittoides and the Harris´s Hawk Parabuteo unicinctus. The Rock Pigeon, the Rufous collared Sparrow, the Great Thrush, and the Eared Dove are considered synanthropic species for Sangolquí. Finally, it is suggested to restore the shrub cover of green areas to favor the conservation of local birds.

New alternatives for local development in order to achieve social, economic, and cultural welfare arises from the need of communities. Consequently, Community Tourism emerged as a viable alternative, as a factor for generating autonomous communities with fair benefits for the population by implementing positive impacts in long-term. In Ecuador, some projects that deal with country town people with high poverty levels are developed for promoting their local development as it is stated by the latest approved Constitution that is currently in use and which proposes the Buen Vivir Plan with the assistance of the public and private sectors. This is why this research arises to focus on the real socio-economic impacts that have been originated by the Cruise Train State project as a tourist product in the country towns where this train goes. This investigation has been aided by qualitative and quantitative data about this topic. To carry out this research, some surveys and interviews were applied to the main stakeholders and the results showed great shortcomings of social and economic benefits in those groups. As a conclusion, the local development of communities is not good enough since each country town has been developed in a different way and with different methods with which the state institutions have not generated significant activities that help those groups. The state projects should produce improvements in the plans that have been implemented in the vulnerable regions of the country, so if the planning, organization, and implementation of these projects are correct, these kinds of projects can be a viable alternative for the local development.

On 2015, Imbabura province submitted its candidacy to be recognized as UNESCO World Geopark; after a first assessment and after having accepted the suggestions made by the evaluation committee; the final Dossier was presented in February 2018. The Imbabura Geopark Project brings together nine volcanic complexes; the name is associated with the historical, cultural and linguistic roots of the province where the Kichwa language and traditional indigenous customs are still considered as everyday values. The project is a participatory process that seeks to consolidate its cultural identity based on the recognition, respect and conservation of its geological, archaeological, culture, with the different ways of life, Cosmo visions, customs, and traditions of such people, for the implementation of a model of sustainable territorial development that leads its population to a better quality of life.

Pastures are the main feeding source for ruminants supplemented with cereals. However, cereals are expensive in countries where surpluses are not produced, which could reduce the profitability of the dairy business. The objective of this research was to determine the effect of supplementation in grazing cows, on milk production, the efficiency of use, interaction with grass biomass, and cost-benefit ratio. A Latin square design with four animals and four treat-ments were used. The treatments to be evaluated were determined from the ratio between liters of milk and Kg. of concentrate. The proposed relationships were 2,5, 5,0, 7,5, and 10,0. It was determined that milk production (L /cow/day) increases when increasing the ration. The concentrated interaction and biomass (kg / MS) determined that with low production of biomass in pastures under <1.564 kg DM / hect. it becomes more evident the need for balance by the cows to maintain their production. If pastures have between 2.330- 1.564 kg DM / hect. the balancing amounts to be used are lower; but if pastures have> 2.330 kg DM / hect. the amount of balance that an animal should receive loses significance. The efficiency of the use of the balance in milk production has a decreasing behavior, that is, the greater the amount of supplement, the lower efficiency in milk production. The cost-benefit ratio is better when less supplement is used and decreases when the supplement amounts increase.

The purpose of this study is to propose the implementation of digital strategies for the promotion of tourist destinations: Case study ¨ The Loja Canton¨ based on a tourist diagnosis and field web observation. The methodology used has two approaches; qualitative through interviews with local tourism professionals and quantitative through random surveys applied to of the tourist staff, including an opinion poll aimed at tourist visiting the Loja Canton. The study showed tourist´s preferences when researching the destination to be visited and the existence of a lack of digital tourism innovation, in which real and reliable information about the destination can be found; in addition to the need for an official website that can offer in a better way the tourist attractions of the Loja Canton.  Moreover, with the results obtained, we seek to motivate companies in this visiting sector and municipalities on the importance of implementing digital marketing plans, which contribute to meet the objectives of tourism campaigns and its competitiveness in the market.

The article identifies the impact of cultural diversity on community tourism in the Andean region, as well as community tourism practices from the community proposed from its own cultural approach. This work is a synthesis of bibliographic review and contributions of the authors for the use and sustainable management of the cultural diversity that exists in the Andean region. The research is documentary with a descriptive approach of the object of study and based on the criteria of the action research, ethnography, and some theoretical aspects of local history. The impact, which can be given to the cultural diversity of a region or sector, cannot only revive, repopulate rural areas, arouse interest in an apathetic population, achieve social cohesion, but also it can trigger economic activities and with it to improve the income and the quality of life of the community through responsible tourism and even better with the same communities that make possible the real cultural change with the visitor, so that the tourist can deepen in the traditions, customs, and ways of life of the visited town. The results show that the cooperation of institutions for the development of community tourism is very important because it helps the development and economic dynamism of the community since it has a variety of products such as nature, archeology, the community itself - experiences- and the culture in a general way.

This study is based on the project "Analysis of indicators of sustainability and tourism competitiveness with an impact on the strategies of sustainable management, governance and public policies of the Cuenca canton", in which an analysis of variables in the tourist offer such as: available places, nights of lodging, guest segment and hotel occupancy, while in the case of demand, indicators such as domestic and foreign visitors´ behavior, socio-demographic aspects, and most visited places are analyzed. It is proposed a descriptive quantitative methodology and a tool for the collection of information, surveys are designed according to the variables of the tourist offer and demand, obtaining in the offer indicator an average response of 95.2%, while in the demand one 46 variables are analyzed with 94.6% responses.

Folic acid is a water-soluble vitamin belonging to the group of complex B, whose importance in the organism is given by its capacity to transport units of carbon, for the synthesis of proteins and nucleic acids. Its deficiency causes developmental delay and anemia in growing animals, and in pregnant sows, it produces bad congenital formations in its offspring. Dietary supplementation of folic acid has been shown to improve reproductive efficiency and productive performance in pigs. At present, there are several nutritional guides that publish the suggested levels of folic acid in sows and piglets. The objective of the preparation of this review is to provide a source of information that presents in a summarized and concrete way the importance of folic acid in the nutrition of sows and piglets allowing the nutritionist to elaborate a diet that includes the adequate levels of this vitamin. The folic acid requirements for sows are between 1.3 to 5.5 mg/kg of feed and for piglets, the range is between 0.3 to 3 mg/kg. Due to the variability in the content of this vitamin in the main ingredients used in swine feeding, it is necessary to include it in the feed through a vitamin pre-mix.

Tourism is an activity of sustained growth in the world, it offers opportunities for economic welfare and development, as confirmed by the World Tourism Organization, which reports a 7% growth during 2017, surpassing 1,300 million international arrivals, of which approximately 1'600,000 visitors arrived in Ecuador. The study included an inventory of the tourism potential of the San Jacinto del Pindo commune, in the province of Pastaza, through field visits, participatory workshops and the use of information sheets on situational diagnosis and tourism characterization. Its real situation was determined by the existence of tourist facilities, infrastructure, offer, and governance in the territory. Tourism resources were identified, as established by the Inventory Methodology of the Tourism Ministry of Ecuador, which allowed for their recognition, registration, classification, and ranking. This study was carried out in collaboration with the Autonomous Decentralized Government of the province of Pastaza and students of the tourism program of the Amazon State University as part of community service activities. The participatory execution of this research allowed to reach results that are valid contributions for the construction of territorial development and planning strategies from the conception of the collective work of the communities and the institutions of the public sector.