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546,196 artículos
Año:
2022
ISSN:
2172-7775
Gómezescobar, Ariadna; Fernández-Cézar, Raquel
Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación. Universidad de Sevilla
Resumen
Introduction: The models developed on the knowledge that a teacher must have to teach Mathematics envisions mathematical knowledge as one of their domains. In general, it is assumed that it will be possible to deal with didactic aspects of the program once the subject matter is acquired. Therefore, this paper explores the elementary mathematical knowledge that future teachers have at the beginning and conclusion of their Mathematics and didactics subjects at university (1st and 3rd year of Master’s Degree in Primary Education), and compares with that of students who complete this stage, six graders. Method: A standardized test and is analyzed by content blocks and cognitive processes, as well as by items. Results: Despite being intended for primary school students, it is found that the university participants average score is not close to the maximum one, but it is higher than that of 6th graders. With regard to university students, there are differences in mathematical knowledge when they begin and complete their training in the blocks Numbers and Geometry; also in terms of cognitive processes, it seems that those who have completed their mathematical training show higher order thinking skills developed in a higher extent than those entering the degree. Discussion: The need to consolidate the mathematical content in order to be able to initiate didactic aspects of the subject is discussed.
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
2172-7775
Guerrero Valverde, Empar; Cebrián Cifuentes, Sara
Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación. Universidad de Sevilla
Resumen
This article shows the perception that first-year Social Education students have about your learning. The experience has been carried out over the three academic years (2017-2020) and there has been a sample of 124 university students who are studying the Degree in Social Education. The objective of this practice has been to analyze whether students have improved specific skills and achieved the expected learning results of the subject of techniques and Instruments for teaching-learning processes through the implementation of the didactic workshop and the use of ICT as a pedagogical strategy. A quasi-experimental pre-test and post-test design is used based on the application of a questionnaire of Likert scale of five degrees in wich the staments of the specific competences and learning results of the subject mentioned. The descriptive statistical analyzes have been carried out with the SPSS v23 program. The results show that, with the implementation of an active methodology and using ICT, the acquisition of skills and expected learning outcomes are achieved, with statistically significant differences at the multivariate level in the learning results between the different courses, being in the last 2019 /2020 in which the students present better levels in the post regarding the learning results acquired. This course was taught online due to Covid-19
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
1028-9933
Vázquez-Nold, Livia; Miranda-Castellanos, Kenia Nellys; Parra-Vázquez, Nancy; Fernández-Boizán, Fernando; Vázquez-Garay, Fidel
Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Guantánamo
Resumen
Introduction: elders are a topic of interest and attention on the part of society in general, not only because for demographic reasons they are increasingly numerous, but also because of the growing sensitivity to the social situations they present.Objective: to characterize the perception of subjective loneliness in elderly people living alone belonging to a health control area in Santiago de Cuba, during the period June to October 2021. Method: a descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out in a sample of 14 elderly through purposive non-probabilistic sampling. Instruments used for the evaluation were: semi-estructure interview, Social Support Questionnaire (CAS-7), Scale of Loneliness in the Elderly (IMSOL-AM), Scale of Psychological Well-being for Adults (BIEPS-A) and Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS). Results: there was a predominance of subjects of the female sex, widows and with ages between 70 to 80 years. Feelings of loneliness were not appreciated in most of them. The perception of health that prevailed was regular, with medium and dense support networks that perceived the need for social support, instrumental support being the most demanded. High scores were presented in psychological well-being, as well as in satisfaction with life. Conclusions: loneliness impacts subjectively from the assessment of their reality, and is determined by the relationship between expectations and what they get with their intimacy. In this sense, the appearance of the feeling of loneliness was mostly related to the perception of health, self-efficacy and its influence on the psychological well-being variables.
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
1028-9933
Cobo-Álvarez, Daniela Abigail; Veloz-Pico, Ana Cristina; Samaniego-Vargas, Alejandro Sebastián
Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Guantánamo
Resumen
Introduction: Angelman Syndrome is a rare inherited neurodevelopmental disorder that affects 1 in 10,000 to 24,000 newborns. This condition includes developmental desability, intellectual disability, severe speech disability, movement and balance problems (ataxia), seizures and very small head. People with Angelman Syndrome always seem to be in a good mood and smile a lot. Objective: to systematize knowledge about the characteristics of Angelman Syndrome, clinical and genetic aspects of the disease and current treatment strategies. Method: a bibliographic review was carried out at the Universidad Regional Autónoma de Los Andes, by searching in national and international databases such as PubMed, Scopus, SciELO, Web of Science and Google Scholar. For the investigation a search strategy was used. Forty-five articles were found, of which 15 were selected for this review. Results: a synthesized text was elaborated where aspects such as etiology, diagnosis, main clinical symptoms and treatment of this genetic disorder were addressed. Conclusions: due to its nature of clinical needs that are not met in terms of the motor area, communication, sleep and behavior, Angelman syndrome makes it necessary for nursing professionals to develop an action plan that allows an early diagnosis and develop a plan specific care for the individual and the intimate environment of action to respond to the needs on demand.
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
1028-9933
Carrasco-García, Dra.C. Mayra Rosa; Machado-Botet, Dra.C. Lidia Beatriz
Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Guantánamo
Resumen
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
1028-9933
Marrero-Rodríguez, Ernesto
Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Guantánamo
Resumen
Introduction: keratoplasty has been the most used technique for the treatment of corneal alterations. Objective: to describe the clinical-epidemiological characteristics of therapeutic keratoplasty in patients with severe corneal ulcer. Method: a descriptive and cross-sectional observational study was carried out on 17 eyes of 16 patients operated on for therapeutic keratoplasty who presented severe corneal ulcer, admitted to the Ophthalmology service of the Hospital “Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso” in Santiago de Cuba, in the period from January 2018 to December 2019. The variables studied were: age, gender, origin, occupation, predisposing factors, time of evolution prior to admission, previous topical treatment and causal germ. In the statistical analysis, the absolute frequency and the percentage were used for the qualitative variables, and for the quantitative ones, the mean and the standard deviation.Results: male patients predominated, retired with more than 60 years. Non-surgical ocular trauma prevailed as a predisposing factor. Prior to admission, antibiotic eye drops were applied more frequently, and the average evolution time was 12.2 days. The most preponderant group of germs was bacteria. Conclusions: the link between the causal germ and the application of previous topical medications in a prolonged manner favors the torpid evolution of the disease towards severe forms of corneal ulcer. This evolution offers a poor and prolonged response to conventional treatment schemes, which sometimes lead to a therapeutic-tectonic keratoplasty.
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
1028-9933
Espinoza-Ochoa, Gabriel Iván; Lima-Illescas, Miriam Verónica; Jara-Vergara, Nube Nohemí; Jiménez-Romero, Magaly Noemí
Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Guantánamo
Resumen
Introduction: craniofacial growth and development can be evaluated through lateral head radiographs, in order to provide a good diagnosis and an effective treatment plan.Objective: to identify the relationship between the length of the upper jaw and the facial biotype in individuals aged 18 to 45 years in the city of Cuenca, Ecuador, during the year 2019. Method: a quantitative, descriptive and relational study was carried out; the sample was of 160 lateral head radiographs obtained in a maxillofacial dental radiology center in the city of Cuenca. AutoCAD software was used for the cephalometric tracing. For statistical analysis, the Kruskal-Wallis test and Tukey's post hoc test were used with a reliability level of 95% (p<0.05). Spearman's Rho correlation coefficient was used to determine the relationship between maxillary length (mm) and skeletal measurement. Results: it was found that the length of the upper jaw according to facial biotype is shorter in the upper jaw and increases in the lower; the tall facial biotype presented the shortest maxillary length (52.18±4.20 mm) and the highest average was the medium-low (54.37±4.15 mm). In males, the highest average was observed in the low biotype (55.38±4.55 mm) and the lowest value was in the medium high biotype (53.10±3.23 mm); in females, the highest average was found in the medium-low facial biotype (53.84±4.01 mm) and the lowest average was in the high biotype (51.64±3.68 mm). Conclusions: as the facial biotype increases, the length of the maxillary decreases. There is no significant relationship between maxillary length and age, or between length and sex.
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
1028-9933
Jacome-Escudero, Luis Sebastian; Sarango-Chungata, Sebastian Bayardo; Armijos-Moreta, Jaime Fernando; Gavilánez-Villamarín, Silvia Marisol
Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Guantánamo
Resumen
Introduction: the position of mandibular third molar during its eruption can influence on the outcome of orthodontic treatment or the need to turn to an orthodontic treatment again. Objective: to describe the position of mandibular third molars during eruption in patients who received orthodontic treatment at the dental office Desing Dental, in the city of Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas, Ecuador. Method: a cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out; the universe was constituted by the total of patients who received orthodontic treatment, patients between 13 and 33 years of age; the sampling applied was simple random and the sample selected gathered 23 patients, 11 male and 12 female. The information collected was obtained throught a documentary review of the radiographic reports, using a guide prepared for this purpose. The outcomes were presented in tables and were contrasted with those of other investigations. Ethical principles were respected. Results: the most common position of the third molars according to age and sex was as follow: From the 11 male patients, in 2 of them the position was vertical, 8 mesioangular and 1 horizontal; whereas in the 12 female patients, in two of them the position was vertical, 8 mesioangular and 2 distoangular. Conclusions: the most frequent position of third molars during eruption in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment was the mesioangular position.
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
1028-9933
Trimiño-Alcántara, Adrián; Fernández-Moreno, Joel Antonio; Martínez-Velázquez, Mireya; Savón-Plutin, Román
Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Guantánamo
Resumen
Introduction: the use of Digital and Communication Technologies are currently part of the daily activities of society. Mobile health (mHealth) is one of the most developed nowadays, on one hand, due to the new normality generated by the COVID-19 pandemic, but also far away, due to the relevant advantages acquired for mobile telephone technologies over other technologies.Objective: to systematize the theories concerning mobile health and to assess its developing potential in Cuba. Method: a documentary analysis was carried out in response to the authors' information needs, comprising three phases: exploration of the priority areas and the current problematic issues, determination of the essential ideas sit in the documents consulted and which provide the general meaning included in those documents and, as a third phase implemented, it was included the systematization of the information obtained to update the new information contained in the current article. Results: general aspects, such as: Mobile health in Cuba in line with the country's technological development, Safety and use compatibility, legal aspects for properly development were described; aspects which help in the process of creating mobile health applications. It was also proposed the Mobincube platform, as an easy to learn and use tool for health professionals, allowing them to create their own applications without the need for programming. Conclusions: Cuba has sufficient technological and intellectual development to venture into the development of mobile health field. The main challenge is to gain sufficient informatics culture among Cuban health professionals in the field of mobile health.
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
1607-4041
Niño Carrasco, Shamaly Alhelí; Castellanos Ramírez, Juan Carlos; Bermúdez Vivas, Rubén
Universidad Autónoma de Baja California. Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo Educativo
Resumen
The objective of this research was to identify and characterize actions taken by autonomous public universities in Mexico in response to COVID-19. The study is theoretically grounded in the notion of emergency education, which refers to broad prevention, mitigation, preparation, response, normalization, and educational recovery mechanisms for disasters. We conducted an exploratory-descriptive study, analyzing information posted on university websites from January 15 to June 30, 2020. It was found that many universities adopted reactive measures, albeit with no far-reaching prevention and mitigation strategies before they went into shutdown. We conclude there is a need to develop institutional policies that lay the foundation for an educational culture able to respond proactively to future catastrophes and for a shift from enacting guidelines for academic continuity to preparing broad education programs for emergencies.
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