Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

This article presents, in the first part, approaches, proposals, problems and challenges about the poetic work of the Costa Rican writer Nidia Marina González Vásquez. In the second part, as theoretical support, some approaches are provided regarding issues related to memory, time, memories and oblivion, with the support of Saramago (1994 / 2010), Ricoeur (2000), Boethius (ed. 2015), and Arroyo Carvajal (2023b). In the third part, reference is made to issues linked to the body-text-textile from Weil (1940-1941), Moosekian (2015), Retamal Zapata (2017), Sanz (2023), and Rodríguez Gutiérrez and Araújo Nieto (2025); subsequently, a philological and literary analysis of the meanings of the body as a discursive device of memory in the poetry book Anamnesis (2022a) is presented. As part of the results, it was possible to observe an ascending thread from the interpretation of the meaning of the title of the book, its two epigraphs (Alexia Ugalde Quesada and Cristina Peri Rossi) and some of the poems studied here, which allowed us to confirm our hypothesis regarding the ethical and aesthetic use of the body as a discursive device of memory.   

The main topic of this article is the analysis of the social space construction through the shaping of the “aristocratic” city in the barrio Cothnejo-Fishy (1923) of the writer Carmen Lyra as decisive element of the Costa Rican conservative project. Two specific objectives are considered, the first one tries to determine the special conditions for the creation of a “aristocratic,” conservative and unequal city in the choice tales, and the second one identifies the familiar, social and economic relationships of the barrio Cothnejo-Fishy as a representation of the oligarchic classes or groups.  The methodological proposal is based on the analysis of the six literary tales of barrio Cothnejo-Fishy by the writer Carmen Lyra, published in 1923 and compiled in Narrativa de Carmen Lyra: relatos escogidos, published by the Editorial Costa Rica in 2015. It is concluded that the tales of the barrio Cothnejo-Fishy show what Ette (2008) named a literature in motion, since these tales are not only a complaint of inequality and the project of Costa Rican society at the end of the 19th century and beginning of the 20th century, but also through their movement appear a reconstruction and a walk through of the barrio, from the spaces of sociability until its most superfluous daily activities. 

This article analyzes, on the one hand, the use of rhetorical movements that make up the structure of argumentation, in order to determine the influence of oral and written production on them. On the other hand, it analyzes the role of discourse and modal markers in this structure, in order to determine 1) whether these linguistic resources demarcate the openings of rhetorical movements and 2) which rhetorical movements are influenced by oral and written production. The sample is integrated by 72 analytical arguments –36 oral and 36 written–, produced by recently admitted college students concerning the topic of Higher education as a way to promote social equality. Once the texts were obtained, they were transcribed, segmented into clauses, and coded according to the proposed categories of analysis to identify the structure of the argumentation and the function of discourse and modal markers. The results showed the prevailing of the argumentative movements in favor and the argumentative movements against, and that the discursive markers as well as the modal ones frequently headed the opening of these rhetorical movements, especially in oral texts, which corroborates the role of markers as a mean to demarcate texts into argumentative and no argumentative discourse units. 

This study identifies ten key pedagogical principles for educational innovations based on a systematic literature review. The methodology was structured into five phases: formulation of research questions, database search (ERIC, SciELO, Google Scholar), definition of inclusion/exclusion criteria, selection and extraction of data, and synthesis of information. Sixteen documents were analyzed, including sources from the OECD, UNESCO, and APA, to identify patterns and trends. The principles are: 1) focus on the student and their learning; 2) consideration of starting points; 3) attention to values, affective, and motivational aspects; 4) communication of high expectations; 5) provision of scaffolding; 6) attention to individual differences; 7) recognition of the social nature of knowledge; 8) promotion of situated learning; 9) organization of the learning environment; and 10) formative assessment. These principles, supported by recent empirical evidence and leading theoretical perspectives, provide practical guidelines for transforming teaching and addressing the educational challenges of the 21st century. Future empirical validation is recommended to strengthen their applicability in diverse educational contexts.

It is known that school violence requires a more in-depth approach. In this regard, this research seeks to promote meaningful learning through teaching and learning strategies, supported by group dynamics to minimize school violence in third-year students of General Secondary Education. In this way, a climate of trust was generated among the participants while they were guided in their cognitive, metacognitive and socio-affective processes for the knowledge of their own personal performance and that of their peers, especially violent and aggressive behavior; also, for the knowledge of the social environment. The paradigm is sociocritical, the modality is field and the method is participatory action-research. The main finding is that value judgments were the main cause of the violent behaviors that occurred. However, group cohesion was achieved and appropriate changes were also achieved in the behavior of most of the participants.

The objectives of this article are to present some playful and educational strategies aimed at developing social skills in the school coexistence processes of primary school students in three public institutions in the municipality of Cúcuta, Colombia, and to reveal teachers' experiences with behavioral changes in students following the implementation of these strategies. A qualitative approach was used, based on the critical social paradigm and the participatory action research method. Interviews, surveys, and interactive workshops were conducted. The analysis included open and axial coding, supported by networks of categories such as emotional support, assertive communication, and conflict resolution. The results of the interviews with a group of teachers show that the strategies employed promote empathy, assertive communication, student leadership, and the peaceful resolution of student conflicts. The implementation of these strategies at all educational levels is recommended.

The purpose of this research was to develop a model for the educational care of neurodiversity in primary education institutions in Colombia, specifically in Nuestra Señora del Perpetuo Socorro Educational Institution and Fredonia Educational Institution. Using a hermeneutic paradigm with a qualitative approach and phenomenological method, the understandings and experiences of neurodiverse students, teachers, administrators, and parents in the school context were explored. Semi-structured interviews, document review, and non-participant observation were used to collect data. Phenomenological analysis allowed for the identification and description of essential universal phenomenological categories that served to structure the neurodiversity care model through four essential principles emanating from the protocol phenomenological analysis and the corresponding phenomenological reductions.

Highlights Achieving the global goal of eliminating cervical cancer requires adopting a patient-centered care model, assessing clinical protocols, and establishing effective mechanisms to monitor and/or correct operational errors. The presence of squamous-columnar junction (SCJ) cells in Pap smears is crucial for accurate screening results, as their absence compromises the detection of cytological atypia and precancerous conditions. Programs providing theoretical and practical training on specimen collection techniques, result interpretation, protocol updates, and achievement of screening goals should be offered regularly. Women within the target screening age should receive adequate health education to participate in their healthcare actively, understand the associated risks, and advocate for their rights. Introduction: In Pap test reports, sample quality is assessed based on the presence of squamous-columnar junction (SCJ) cells and atypia. Objectives: To assess the quality of Pap test samples by analyzing the frequency of SCJ cells in Pap test results and examining their association with sociodemographic, clinical, and professional-related variables. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using 1.251 reports collected from primary healthcare facilities in São Paulo, SP, Brazil. The chi-square test was used to evaluate potential associations, and the test for equality of two proportions was used to compare responses to the same variable. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to determine the strength of associations. Results:   Squamous epithelial cells were the most frequently observed, appearing alone in 50.80% of the samples, while the frequency of SCJ cells was 48.60%, significantly higher among women aged 25-39 years (p < 0.001). The presence of inflammation (OR = 7.7; 95% CI: 1.00–50.00), bacilli (OR = 1.8; 95% CI: 1.40–2.20), and cytological atypia (OR = 4.6; 95% CI: 2.00–10.00) was more likely in samples containing SCJ cells. The absence of atrophy, the presence of moderate cytolysis, and red blood cells were significantly associated with the presence of SCJ cells. Discussion: The study demonstrated that SCJ cells were absent in most samples, which may compromise the quality of cervical cancer screening.   Conclusion:  The main indicators of sample quality in Pap test reports fell below recommended standards, particularly among women aged 40-59 years, revealing deficiencies in the quality of cervical cancer screening. How to cite this article: Tochetto, Liane de Oliveira Serra; Brevidelli, Maria Meimei; Santos, Tainara Rodrigues; Almeida, Michelle Samora de; De Domenico, Edvane Birelo Lopes. Quality of cervical cancer screening in a Brazilian sample: cross-sectional study. Revista Cuidarte. 2025;16(2):e3597. https://doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.3597

Highlights Caregivers tend to experience symptoms of overburden due to the informal nature of their work and lack of preparation for the physical and emotional challenges of caring for terminally ill patients. Anxiety and depression in caregivers can negatively impact areas of their lives, such as relationships, socialization, and work performance, especially for those who are employed as caregivers. Supporting the use of technologies among caregivers is essential to promote care access to information on guidelines for providing care. Mental health programs led by interdisciplinary teams are relevant to supporting family caregivers of terminally ill patients. Introduction: Palliative care has recently gained importance in the context of life-threatening diseases, such as cancer, that affect the mental health of patients and their caregivers. Psychological symptoms, such as anxiety and depression, are the most prevalent in this population. Objective: To determine the association between anxiety, depression, and quality of life of caregivers of palliative care patients with cancer. Materials and Methods: A quantitative, descriptive, and correlational design was used. A total of 190 primary caregivers recruited from Colombian hospitals and home care programs participated. The Quality of Life in Life-Threatening Illness-Family Carer (QOLLTI-FT) questionnaire, the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) were used. The analysis was performed with SPSS Statistics 26.0, using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The predominant sex was female, and the level of education was high school. The mean age of the caregivers was 44.15 years, and the mean age of the patients was 64.51 years. The average time as a caregiver was 33.79 ± 64.77 months. The results show correlations between anxiety and caregiver status (p≤0.000), anxiety and ICT use (p≤0.006). There were also correlations between anxiety, quality of life, and caregiver status (p≤0.000) and between depression and total quality of life (p≤0.001). Discussion: Correlations were also found between depression and quality of life and between hours of daily care and the level of dependency of the cancer patient. This entails the need to manage the psychological symptoms as soon as the family member is diagnosed to prevent alterations in their quality of life that could affect their well-being.  Conclusion: Caregivers with moderate or severe depression were more likely to report symptoms of sadness, punishment feelings, self-dislike, suicidal thoughts or wishes, indecisiveness, irritability, changes in appetite, concentration difficulty, and tiredness or fatigue. Among caregivers with mild depression, loss of interest in sex, agitation, and past failure were identified. Strategies for psycho-emotional counseling, education, and support for caregivers are needed. How to cite this article: Alvarado García Alejandra María, Vargas-Escobar Lina María, Arias-Rojas Mauricio, Avendaño-Vásquez Carlos Javier, Consuegra-Pareja Cesar Antonio. Anxiety, depression, and quality of life of caregivers of palliative care patients with cancer. Revista Cuidarte. 2025;16(1):e3670.  https://doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.3670

Highlights An elevated cardiovascular risk was evident, with statistically significant differences by geographical area. The classification during patient follow-up is important as it will improve the accuracy of cardiovascular disease risk assessment. Cardiovascular risk was associated with variables such as educational level, ethnicity, type of health affiliation, and geographical area. The analyzed population is not representative of the entire population of Putumayo; for this reason, the results can only be extrapolated to chronic disease populations. Introduction: Sociodemographic factors such as geographic location are associated with high cardiovascular risk. Urban areas are characterized by densely populated areas with access to services, while rural areas have fewer people and limited services. Objective: To determine the factors associated with high cardiovascular risk according to the area of patients enrolled in a chronic care program in Putumayo. Materials and Methods: Analytical cross-sectional study. The population was selected through simple random sampling. Information on the main risk factors was collected and included in a multivariate logistic regression model. Results: A total of 1,190 patients were included (median age 59.5 years [IQR 53–66], 68.74% women). 86.22% of the patients had high cardiovascular risk, with a similar distribution between urban (87.95%, n=628) and rural (83.61%, n=398) areas and a statistically significant difference compared to low/moderate risk (p=0.033). The factors related to cardiovascular risk in this population were primary education (OR: 0.68, CI 95%: 0.38–1.24), secondary education (OR: 0.88, CI 95%: 0.42–1.83), higher education (OR: 0.33, CI 95%: 0.13–0.82), ethnicity (none) (OR: 2.13, CI 95%: 0.98–4.63), rural area (OR: 0.66, CI 95%: 0.47–0.94), and contributory health affiliation (OR: 6.58, CI 95%: 2.75–15.72). Discussion: This study revealed that factors such as education level, ethnicity, type of health affiliation, and area were related to cardiovascular risk.   Conclusion: The results showed a high proportion of individuals with elevated cardiovascular risk in Putumayo, with statistically significant differences between areas. How to cite this article: Ruiz-Sandoval Jessica Paola, Vizcaino-Sulbarán Dayana, Alzate-Granados Juan Pablo, Cáceres-Rivera Diana Isabel, López-Romero Luis Alberto. Factors associated with high cardiovascular risk in Putumayo. Revista Cuidarte. 2025;16(1):e4207.  https://doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.4207