Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Teacher training has been widely discussed in various spaces, especially in the education sector, as a way of promoting advances in education, especially when it comes to the inclusion of children with disabilities and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The aim of this study was to do mapping the training of early childhood education teachers in the inclusion of children with ASD. As a methodology, a survey was carried out in the CAPES Journal Portal database between 2018 and 2024 using the following descriptors: teacher training, ASD and early childhood education, thus 16 papers were found, of which only 3 were directly related to the theme. It was found that there is still little research on the inclusion of children with ASD in schools; it was observed that, although continuing training is important, there is a need for coordination between the state, the school, teachers and parents in order to promote the development of students. It was also pointed out that the training supports the teachers, giving them a theoretical basis for teaching children with ASD. Thus, it can be concluded that there are few articles on the subject studied, which demonstrates the need for more research that relates training for early childhood education teachers and children with ASD, so that there is greater and better elucidations on the training of early childhood education teachers from the perspective of school inclusion

Introduction: Currently, studies developed in the field of History of Education dialogue with Cultural History. In this approach, the trajectory of teachers has been investigated, with the aim of making the performance of school subjects visible. Objective: This article aims to investigate the personal and professional trajectories of the teacher from Minas Gerais, Edésia Corrêa Rabello. Methodology: For the production of data, bibliographic research was adopted, with the aim of knowing the academic productions that discuss the teacher in question. In this list, the studies of Costa (2008), Pinto (2015), Souza (2001) and Thomé (2017) stand out. Next, documentary research was carried out, in the Diamantina press; in the collection of the Diamantina School Group (Promotion and Payroll books); in the materials of the investigated authorship, the articles published in the Revista do Ensino and the memorialistic book, “Lá em casa era assim” (Like this at home) (1964). Results: The data reveal that Professor Edésia graduated from the Escola Normal de Diamantina and began her career at the city's School Group. In teacher training, she worked at the Escola Normal Américo Lopes and years later, she took on the role of History teacher at the Escola Normal Modelo de Belo Horizonte. Conclusion: Her pedagogical conception presents traits of the Escola Nova movement, which can be seen in the articles published in the Revista do Ensino. For almost three decades, Professor Edésia worked in the intellectual training of the people of Minas Gerais.

Introduction: This study analyzes the structural and institutional barriers that undermine Brazil’s Unified Health System (SUS) in ensuring comprehensive and equitable healthcare for the Black population. Despite the National Policy for the Comprehensive Health of the Black Population, its implementation remains insufficient in the face of challenges posed by structural and institutional racism. The Black population experiences the worst socioeconomic and health indicators, compounded by discriminatory practices within healthcare services. Methodology: The research was conducted through a literature review of publications from 2009 to 2023, using descriptors related to the health of the Black population and institutional racism. Initially, 23 articles were selected, and after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 18 were included in the study. Results and Discussion: The findings indicate that institutional racism manifests through discriminatory attitudes, neglect, and barriers to accessing healthcare services. These practices perpetuate inequalities, negatively impacting the health of the Black population, with psychosocial consequences such as mental suffering and exclusion. Cases of obstetric violence and challenges in reproductive care against Black women were highlighted, exposing the SUS’s inability to uphold its principles of equity and comprehensiveness. Strengthening public policies, monitoring specific health indicators, and professional training are essential to address these inequalities and promote anti-racist practices. Conclusion: The assessment of disparities indicates that structural and institutional racism remains a significant obstacle to the realization of SUS principles. Therefore, overcoming these challenges requires improved health indicator monitoring, enhanced professional training, and the implementation of more effective initiatives to combat racism.

INTRODUCTION: Malaria is an infectious disease caused by the parasite of the genus Plasmodium, transmitted to humans through the bite of the mosquito of the genus Anopheles (“nail mosquito”). With historical and social importance within the context of the Legal Amazon, which has 99.8% of cases of the disease, malaria in this area is the object of study in this work. OBJECTIVE: Knowing the impact of malaria on the health of Brazil and the Amazon region, the work aims to analyze the epidemiological profile of malaria in the Legal Amazon over the last 10 years of notification of the disease (2012 to 2022), aiming to obtain and organize data that serve as a basis for preventive and disease-solving actions. METHODOLOGY: This is a descriptive, cross-sectional and observational study, retrospective in nature regarding the epidemiological profile of patients positive for malaria in the Legal Amazon from 2012 to 2022. Secondary data available in DATASUS is used. The specifications are: number of people diagnosed with malaria, respective sex and age, seasonality of the disease and its clinical form. RESULTS: In the region, there were 448 cases of malaria in the period studied, the highest concentration occurring in males, between the ages of 20 and 59 years and in the months of February to September, with a predominance of P. vivax infections. CONCLUSION: Through the results acquired, it is clear that by studying patterns in the subject it is possible to mitigate the impacts of malaria in the studied territory, in order to increasingly benefit susceptible populations.

Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is one of the most prevalent neurodegenerative conditions of the Central Nervous System (CNS), characterized by the abnormal accumulation of beta-amyloid (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, leading to neuronal degeneration and the progressive impairment of cognitive functions. This process manifests as memory difficulties, trouble recognizing people and places, as well as impairments in performing daily activities. With an estimated 150 million people expected to be affected by 2050, AD represents a growing public health challenge in Brazil and worldwide. In light of this scenario, this study aims to understand the effectiveness of new therapeutic approaches for AD by evaluating their impact on the disease’s pathophysiological mechanisms. To this end, an integrative literature review was conducted, analyzing 38 articles published between 2020 and 2025, selected from the Scientific Library Online (Scielo), PubMed, and the Virtual Health Library (BVS) databases. The analyzed data indicate that AD patients present a deficit of acetylcholine and its receptors, justifying the use of cholinesterase inhibitors such as Rivastigmine, Donepezil, and Galantamine to prolong the half-life of this neurotransmitter. However, new therapies are emerging as promising alternatives, focusing on different pathophysiological aspects of AD. Among these approaches are anti-amyloid, anti-tau, anti-neuroinflammatory, and genetic therapies, such as those associated with apolipoprotein E (APOE). These innovative strategies are essential for patients who do not respond adequately to conventional treatments, highlighting the need for further research and the expansion of therapeutic possibilities to slow disease progression.

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating disease that affects the Central Nervous System (CNS). Lesions can occur in various regions, leading to diverse symptoms, including visual, motor, sensory, and urinary problems. Physiotherapy plays a key role in improving aerobic capacity, functional independence, fatigue resistance, muscle strength, gait speed, proprioceptive sensitivity, balance, and reducing spasticity. The objective of this study is to guide physiotherapy toward techniques capable of alleviating lower urinary tract symptoms in individuals diagnosed with multiple sclerosis associated with urinary incontinence, and to highlight physiotherapeutic treatment as an essential and innovative tool—not only in symptom management but also in promoting patient autonomy and social reintegration. The search for publications from the current decade (2014–2024) was conducted using Health Science Descriptors (DeCS) with the terms: “urinary incontinence” AND “multiple sclerosis” AND “physiotherapy”, combined according to the specificities of each consulted database. The databases included the BVS Regional Portal (Virtual Health Library), PubMed (developed by the National Center for Biotechnology Information, NCBI), and the PEDro Platform (Physiotherapy Evidence Database).The importance of urogynecological physiotherapy in managing urinary symptoms in MS patients is well-supported by evidence, particularly when combined with pelvic floor muscle training, electrotherapy, and posterior tibial nerve stimulation. The integration of new technologies and innovative approaches, such as guided rehabilitation and neural stimulation, can expand therapeutic options and improve treatment adherence. Personalized treatment, tailored to individual patient needs, is crucial for maximizing clinical outcomes.

In this study, the incidence of homicides in Palmas, the capital of Tocantins, between the years 2022 and 2024 was analyzed, with an emphasis on the influence of factional conflicts. The initial premise of the research is based on explanations provided by public security authorities, attributing the increase in homicide rates in the capital to the strengthening of organized criminal groups and territorial disputes among them. In this context, the general objective is to analyze data related to the number of intentional deaths within the capital’s perimeter and its correlation with the growth of criminal factions. Among the main factions operating in Palmas, Tocantins, the following stand out: Primeiro Comando da Capital (PCC), Comando Vermelho (CV), Bonde dos 13 (B13), Comando Classe A (CCA), and Amigos do Estado (ADEs). Investigations indicate that the rise in homicide numbers in Palmas has been driven by power struggles between the two predominant factions - PCC and CV - which account for approximately 70% of cases. The specific objectives of the study include examining the relationship between criminal factions and homicides in Palmas, analyzing criminological factors that contribute to the formation and consolidation of these organizations, and comparing data provided by public security authorities between the years 2022 and 2024. The methodology adopted to achieve the proposed objectives was qualitative research. The study is justified as a contribution to discussions regarding the implementation of public security policies aimed at combating crime, particularly the homicide rate in the capital of Tocantins. The findings reveal a significant correlation between homicide rates in Palmas during 2022–2024 and the intensification of conflicts among criminal factions. The analysis provides evidence that territorial rivalries between these factions have been a key factor driving the surge in violence in Palmas. Accordingly, this research contributes to a deeper understanding of the criminal dynamics employed by factions and underscores the importance of developing targeted public security policies aimed at countering organized crime and reducing violence in the capital of Tocantins.

The article aims to analyze the socioeconomic profile of rural producers served by accounting offices in Palmas/TO, identify the main management challenges and evaluate satisfaction with the accounting services received. The research is exploratory and descriptive in nature, using both qualitative and quantitative methods. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire, answered by 14 rural producers, between August and October 2024. The main findings reveal that the majority of producers are young, with low education and moderate experience in the agricultural sector. The majority have small properties (less than 10 hectares), with a predominance of agricultural activities. Among the challenges faced are fluctuations in commodity prices, climate variations and limited access to credit. In relation to accounting services, the majority only use general accounting and tax planning, with moderate to high satisfaction regarding the quality of service. However, there is a low demand for more strategic services, such as financial consultancy. The study concludes that, although there is recognition of the importance of accounting, the use of this resource beyond tax obligations is still limited. There is room to improve the relationship between producers and accounting professionals, especially with regard to strategic management and the use of technology to improve the efficiency of rural properties.

The air transport of companion animals in Brazil is governed by regulations issued by ANAC, as well as by the Consumer Protection Code and the Civil Code, which impose strict liability on airlines as service providers. However, recurring incidents involving the death or injury of animals suggest that the current legal framework may require improvement. This study aims to examine the civil liability of airlines in incidents involving companion animals during air transportation, in accordance with Brazilian legislation, and to assess the need for enhancing the legal framework to ensure more effective legal protection. The methodology employed is deductive, with a qualitative approach, based on a bibliographical review of relevant case law, legal doctrines, and applicable legislation. The research confirms the existence of regulatory gaps in this mode of transport. Although initiatives such as the Animal Air Transport Plan (PATA) and pending legislative proposals represent progress, the adoption of a consolidated legal framework is necessary to ensure safety for both animal guardians and their pets, as well as for airlines.

University extension is one of the pillars of higher education, playing a fundamental role in promoting integration between university and society through actions that encourage social development, civic engagement, and the democratization of knowledge. This study aimed to develop and evaluate an extension activity focused on the prevention of zoonoses among middle school students at Escola Municipal João Ferreira Matos, in Jaguarari-BA, Brazil. The methodology consisted of two stages: a theoretical explanation about four zoonoses (rabies, leptospirosis, toxoplasmosis, and spotted fever), followed by playful activities using educational games ("Zoonosis Trail," "Rabies Domino," and "Zoonosis Board Game"). The results showed a high level of student participation and good assimilation of the topics covered. The use of playful methods favored meaningful learning, aroused students' interest, and encouraged the collective construction of knowledge. The discussion suggests that using games as a pedagogical tool not only facilitates the teaching-learning process but also promotes student protagonism and the sharing of information with the community. Based on this, it became evident that university extension, when combined with active and interactive methodologies, is an effective strategy for strengthening health education. It not only raises awareness but also directly contributes to the fight against zoonoses and to the strengthening of public health at the local level.